2023年天津市南美白对虾主要病原的流行病学调查与分析  

Epidemiological Investigation and Analysis of the Main Pathogens of Litopenaeus vannamei in Tianjin in 2023

作　　者：孙妍 董学旺 顾中华 魏俊利 刘群 陈浩楠 

机构地区：[1]天津市动物疫病预防控制中心,天津 [2]天津市水生动物疫病专业实验室,天津 [3]天津市农业发展服务中心,天津

出　　处：《水产研究》2024年第4期280-287,共8页Open Journal of Fisheries Research

基　　金：天津市科技计划项目“南美白对虾健康养殖及重大疫病防控技术的研究应用”,项目编号:24ZYCGSN01510。天津市科技计划项目“盐碱水凡纳滨对虾养殖与病害防控技术示范与应用”,项目编号:22ZXBTSN00080。

摘　　要：为了解对虾白斑病毒(WSSV)、传染性皮下及造血组织坏死病毒(IHHNV)、虾肝肠胞虫(EHP)和致急性肝胰腺坏死病副溶血弧菌(VpAHPND)等4种病原在天津地区南美白对虾养殖业中的流行规律和危害程度,本研究采用定点持续监测和全面覆盖2种方式在本市开展了上述4种疫病的流行病学调查与分析工作。定点持续监测结果显示:A、B两个池塘EHP在养殖过程中检出率最高,几乎达到了100%;而C、D、E三个池塘4种疫病的检出率均较低;养殖周期结束后5个池塘出虾率的统计结果显示:A、B池塘的出虾仅有20%,C、D、E池塘出虾率在40%;全面覆盖监测结果显示:在所调研的10个养殖区中,塘沽地区、静海区和宝坻区养殖成功率最高,达到了70%~80%;西青区养殖成功率较低,仅有30%,平均养殖成功率为50%,且全市疫病检出率中EHP检出率最高,达到85.11%。我们认为,EHP已经成为威胁本市对虾养殖产业的主要病原,加强该病的监测力度和深入研究已经迫在眉睫。In order to understand the epidemic patterns and risk levels of 4 pathogens, namely White spot syndrome virus (WSSV), Infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV), Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP), and Vibrio parahaemolyticus causing Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (VpAHPND), in Litopenaeus vannamei farming industry in Tianjin, two methods including fixed-point continuous monitoring and comprehensive coverage were used to conduct epidemiological investigations and analysis of the 4 diseases in Tianjin in this study. The results of fixed-point continuous monitoring show that the detection rate of EHP in ponds A and B is the highest during the aquaculture process, almost reaching 100%;the detection rates of 4 types of diseases in ponds C, D, and E are all relatively low;The statistical results of shrimp emergence rates in 5 ponds after the end of the aquaculture cycle showed that the shrimp emergence rates of ponds of A and B were only 20%,

关 键 词：南美白对虾 病原 流行病学调查 分析 

分 类 号：S94[农业科学—水产养殖]