中医经络系统中神经元和心肌细胞的干细胞再生机制——造血干细胞巢是造血组织特有的一种阿是穴  

Stem Cell Regeneration Mechanisms of Neurons and Cardiomyocytes in TCM Meridians—Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niches Are a Kind of Ashi Points Unique to the Hematopoietic Tissue

作　　者：张建新 

机构地区：[1]江苏润华冷冻食品有限公司,江苏 兴化

出　　处：《中医学》2023年第1期93-101,共9页Traditional Chinese Medicine

摘　　要：干细胞巢及其群落就是腧穴,不同种类干细胞巢的有序分布构成中医经络系统。干细胞巢中,不同种类的成体干细胞有机组合形成君臣佐使组织体系,主要由君臣两类成体干细胞产生的分化性衍生细胞自组织形成细胞组织的基本结构功能单位——细胞组织单元,例如手足三阳经脉中的成体干细胞巢是以特定种类的平滑肌干细胞为君主,统辖决定了手足四肢等相应区域中大血管的形成产生。同理,网状细胞(Reticular Cell)的成体干细胞巢决定了造血组织的形成产生,造血干细胞巢是造血组织特有的一种阿是穴,以幼年哺乳动物指骨和趾骨中的造血干细胞巢为研究对象,可以验证造血干细胞的分类和分化规律,人类的n = 7)。根据同一种成体干细胞在不同经脉、络脉的干细胞巢中一般具有不同的功能角色(君、臣和佐使等),其中有的通过干细胞迁移以及干细胞之间复杂的相互作用能够实现连续性转变,本文初步探讨了经络系统中神经元、心肌细胞和骨骼肌细胞的干细胞再生机制,指出哺乳动物的心脏和大脑新皮质中结构功能区的划分遵循相同的规律,即脊椎动物心脏的进化与心脏中经脉、络脉的演变存在极其简单的对应关系,以上已经能够采用干细胞示踪和单细胞测序分析等先进的科学技术来实验验证,古老的中医经络学说必将融入现代科学体系。Stem cell niches and their colonies are identified as acupoints. Diverse stem cell niches that distribute orderly constitute the TCM meridian system. In a stem cell niche, different kinds of adult stem cells are organically combined to form the “Monarch, Minister, Assistant and Envoy” system. Adult stem cells that act as the Monarch and Minister are responsible for producing differentiated derived cells to constitute the basic structural and functional unit—cellular tissue units. For example, in adult stem cell niches of the hand- and foot-Sanyang meridians, some specific kinds of smooth muscle stem cells act as the Monarch to correspondingly govern the formation of large blood vessels in hands, feet and limbs. Similarly, adult stem cell niches of reticulocytes dominate the formation of hemopoietic tissue. Hematopoietic stem cell niches are a kind of ashi points unique to the hemopoietic tissue. In hematopoietic stem cell niches of the phalanges of young mammals, we can verify the following classification and differentiation rules of hematopoietic stem cells , n = 7 in humans). Generally, the same kind of adult stem cells from the stem cell niches of different meridians and collaterals has different functional roles (Monarch, Minister, Assistant and Envoy), and moreover, some stem cells continuously alter their functions through stem cell migration and complex interactions between stem cells. Given this, we initially explored the mechanisms underlying stem cell regeneration in neurons, cardiomyocytes and skeletal muscle cells in the meridian system and indicated that the division of structural-functional areas in the mammalian heart and neocortex follows the same pattern, that is, there is an extremely simple correspondence between the development of the vertebrate heart and the evolution of the meridians and collaterals in the heart. The above-mentioned findings can be verified by advanced scientific technologies, such as stem cell tracking and single cell sequencing. The ancient meridian theory in TCM wil

关 键 词：经络学说 干细胞巢 君臣佐使 造血组织 造血干细胞巢 神经再生 心脏神经嵴细胞 心肌再生 四色定理 奇经八脉 

分 类 号：R24[医药卫生—中医临床基础]