论不同时期余华小说中的加冕与脱冕仪式  

On the Coronation and De-Coronation in Yu Hua’s Novels in Different Periods

作　　者：许丹丹 

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学人文学院,浙江 金华

出　　处：《世界文学研究》2022年第2期111-118,共8页World Literature Studies

摘　　要：巴赫金狂欢化文学理论认为狂欢节中笑谑地给狂欢国王加冕与随后的脱冕是狂欢式中最重要的节庆仪式,它体现了一种民间的狂欢精神,强调颠覆等级、未完成性和变易性。余华在其多年的创作历程中,十分注重发掘民众的谐笑精神与颠覆意识,其每个阶段的作品都充满了狂欢化的艺术特征。在他的多数文本中都存在着加冕–脱冕型结构,体现出了巴赫金狂欢化理论的精神内核,余华更是对于狂欢仪式加入了自身的创造性成分,构成了仪式的变体。其文本中的狂欢化仪式大概可以分为三种:八十年代的暴力狂欢、九十年代的笑谑狂欢和新世纪的欲望狂欢,这种对于狂欢化仪式性的追求体现出作家的审美理想和艺术追求,且它们之间具有相通的精神气质。Bakhtin’s carnival theory holds that the crowning of carnival king and the subsequent de-coronation are the most important festival rituals in the carnival, which reflects a kind of folk carnival spirit and emphasizes subversiveness, incompleteness and variability. Yu Hua has paid great attention to discovering the humorous spirit and subversive consciousness of the public during his years of creation. His works at each stage are full of artistic features of carnival. In most of his texts, there is a coronation-de-coronation structure, which reflects the spiritual core of Bakhtin’s carnival theory. Yu Hua added his own creative elements to the carnival ceremony, which constituted a variant of the ceremony. The carnival rituals in the text can be roughly divided into three types: the carnival of violence in the 1980s, the carnival of laughter in the 1990s and the carnival of desire in the new century. This pursuit of carnival rituals reflects the writer’s aesthetic ideal and artistic pursuit, and they have the same spiritual temperament.

关 键 词：余华 加冕 脱冕 狂欢化 

分 类 号：I20[文学—中国文学]