“老鼠之城”发展的最终结局--论鼠群青年异化、行为退缩与自然消亡  

The Final Outcome of the Development of “Rat City”: On the Alienation, Behavioral Withdrawal and Natural Extinction of Rat Youth

作　　者：蔡政忠 严诗晨 曾辉 林琪祯 陈玲滢 陈宇欣 赵一诺 何晓斌 

机构地区：[1]莆田学院医疗健康产业管理系,福建 莆田 [2]新奥尔良大学医疗健康产业管理系,美国 新奥尔良 [3]韩国首尔市立大学社会福祉学系,韩国 首尔 [4]莆田学院外国语学院日语系,福建 莆田 [5]福州超德中学,福建 福州

出　　处：《交叉科学快报》2021年第3期34-43,共10页Interdisciplinary Science Letters

摘　　要：“老鼠之城”的实验是仿制50年前John B Calhoun教授“25号宇宙”,研究发现鼠群数量的自然衰退是在出生率不断下降并出现“出生荒”之后,自然增长率开始持续下降且出现不可逆转。鼠群会因家族地盘、食物水源、求偶交配等发生争夺。竞争失败的雄性白鼠遭驱离原生鼠群,原处于边缘社会的雌性白鼠鲜少愿意与斗败雄性白鼠繁衍后代,其主因在于雄性白鼠领地防御能力已经丧失,雌性配偶及幼崽所在生活空间、食物资源易遭其他白鼠掠夺侵扰。雌鼠为了繁衍照顾后代,原本由雄鼠负责保护地盘领地的责任改由雌鼠取而代之,对入侵巢穴的白鼠展现比雄鼠更为激烈攻击性,同时高应激反应已连带影响到照顾幼鼠的先天母性能力,观察发现,高比例的幼鼠在未断奶前就遭遇到被高应激防御倾向的母鼠驱离出巢穴,让幼鼠自力更生,但也同时出现高夭折率。相较于处在家族关系紧密、食物资源丰富地区长大的新生代白鼠,整体呈现社交行为退缩现象,这群“富养”长大的白鼠,出现沉溺于饮食、玩乐、休息睡觉和梳理毛发,青春期白鼠出现求偶交配次数大幅减少,这群被Calhoun教授称之为“末日白鼠”的行为在本实验也再度出现。The natural decline of the number of rats is after the birth rate continues to decline and “birth shortage” appears, the natural growth rate begins to continue to decline and appears irreversible. This experiment is a simulation of the “Universe 25” experiment of Professor John B Calhoun 50 years ago, The study found that the rat group will compete for family territory, food and water sources, courtship and mating, etc. The male white rats that failed the competition were driven away from the original rat group, and moved to live alone in a “marginal society”, female white rats originally in a marginal society. Few are willing to reproduce offspring with defeated male guinea pigs. There are three main reasons: First, the territorial defense ability of defeated male guinea pigs has been lost, and the female spouse and her cubs are vulnerable to other guinea pigs in their living space and food resources. In addition, in order to breed and take care of the offspring, male rats should take the responsibility of protecting the territories and replace them with female rats. They show more aggressive aggression against the white rats that invade the nest than the male white rats. Thirdly, the strong aggressiveness of female white mice affects the ability to take care of young mice. Many young mice encounter mother mice driving away from their nests before weaning and are self-reliant. Compared with the new generation of white rats that grew up in areas with close family relationships and rich food resources, the overall social behavior of the new generation of white rats has been withdrawn. This group of “rich” grown white rats indulges in eating, playing, and resting all day long. They combed their hair and did not love courtship and mating. This type of “doomsday rat”, which Professor Calhoun called, also appeared again in this experiment.

关 键 词：白鼠 母性丧失 攻击性 青年边缘化 人口衰退 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]