中美高校思想政治教育目标确立依据比较研究  

A Comparative Study on the Basis of Establishing the Goal of Ideological and Political Education in Chinese and American Universities

作　　者：赵瑞杰 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学马克思主义学院,江西 南昌

出　　处：《教育进展》2022年第11期4878-4886,共9页Advances in Education

摘　　要：中国和美国由于政治经济体制、历史文化传统等各方面的不同,在确立高校阶段性思想政治教育目标时有着各自不同的依据。中国主要包括:以人的全面发展理论为理论依据;以促进人的全面发展,最终实现共产主义为目的依据;以党和国家教育方针为政策依据;以社会发展状况与社会成员思想水平为现实依据等。美国主要包括:以资产阶级民主主义思想为思想依据,以维护和发展资本主义为目的依据,以宗教背景为文化依据,以实践状况及发展需要为现实依据。相比之下,中美两国高校思想政治教育目标的确立依据虽然都从实际出发,考虑现实发展状况与社会成员实际思想道德水平,但是在思想基础、教育目的以及教育政策方面存在较大差异。比较两国在确立依据上的异同点可以发现,我国在确立高校思想政治教育目标时存在缺乏实践导向、缺乏针对性、缺乏广泛传播性以及缺乏高度认同感等问题。批判地吸收借鉴美国的经验教训,对进一步完善党的思想政治教育理论体系建设、贯彻党的政策、激发高校思想政治教育认同感有重要意义。Due to the differences in political and economic system, historical and cultural tradition, China and the United States have different bases for establishing the goals of ideological and political educa-tion in stages. China mainly includes: It is based on the theory of all-round development of human beings, on the promotion of all-round development of human beings and realization of communism, on the policies of the Party and the state, on the status of social development and the ideological level of social members. The United States mainly includes: It takes bourgeois democratic thought as the ideological basis, the maintenance and development of capitalism as the objective basis, the religious background as the cultural basis, and the practical situation and development needs as the realistic basis. In contrast, although the establishment of ideological and political education goals in China and the United States is based on reality, considering the actual development situation and the actual ideological and moral level of social members, there are great differences in ideological basis, educational purpose and educational policy. Comparing the similarities and differ-ences between the two countries in establishing the basis we can find: There are some problems in the establishment of ideological and political education in China, such as lack of practical orientation, lack of pertinence, lack of widespread dissemination and lack of high identity. Critically absorbing the experience and lessons of the United States is of great significance for further perfecting the construction of the theoretical system of the Party’s ideological and political education, carrying out the party’s policies and stimulating the identity of the ideological and political education.

关 键 词：党的领导 确立依据 全面发展理论 认同感 

分 类 号：G641[文化科学—高等教育学]