Risk and Protective Factors Associated with Depression and Anxiety among Pregnant Women during the COVID-19 Pandemic  

作　　者：Maiko Manaka Miyako Tsuda Moe Fujitani Ai Sawada Nanae Akatsuka Ayako Sasaki Maiko Manaka;Miyako Tsuda;Moe Fujitani;Ai Sawada;Nanae Akatsuka;Ayako Sasaki(Faculty of Nursing, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan;Osaka City Juso Hospital, Osaka, Japan;Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan)

机构地区：[1]Faculty of Nursing, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan [2]Osaka City Juso Hospital, Osaka, Japan [3]Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan

出　　处：《Health》2024年第1期37-51,共15页健康（英文）

摘　　要：Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted perinatal women’s mental health. However, protective factors associated with depression among pregnant Japanese women during the pandemic have not been reported. Purpose: The present study investigated the risk and protective factors associated with depression and anxiety among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: An online questionnaire was administered to 157 pregnant women between October 2022 and May 2023 at two general hospitals in Japan. The Japanese versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were used to assess symptoms of depression and anxiety. The χ² test or Fisher’s exact test and multivariate logistic regression model were used to examine factors associated with depression and anxiety among pregnant women. Results: Overall, 47.1% and 35.7% of the pregnant women reported depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. A “history of mental illness” was a risk factor for depression and anxiety among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, unmarried status was a risk factor for anxiety among pregnant women, whereas outdoor and indoor exercises were protective factors against depression and anxiety, respectively. Conclusions: Exercise may have protected pregnant women from depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Encouraging exercise may help maintain the mental health of pregnant women who do not have exercise restrictions.Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted perinatal women’s mental health. However, protective factors associated with depression among pregnant Japanese women during the pandemic have not been reported. Purpose: The present study investigated the risk and protective factors associated with depression and anxiety among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: An online questionnaire was administered to 157 pregnant women between October 2022 and May 2023 at two general hospitals in Japan. The Japanese versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were used to assess symptoms of depression and anxiety. The χ² test or Fisher’s exact test and multivariate logistic regression model were used to examine factors associated with depression and anxiety among pregnant women. Results: Overall, 47.1% and 35.7% of the pregnant women reported depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. A “history of mental illness” was a risk factor for depression and anxiety among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, unmarried status was a risk factor for anxiety among pregnant women, whereas outdoor and indoor exercises were protective factors against depression and anxiety, respectively. Conclusions: Exercise may have protected pregnant women from depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Encouraging exercise may help maintain the mental health of pregnant women who do not have exercise restrictions.

关 键 词：DEPRESSION ANXIETY FACTORS PREGNANCY COVID-19 Pandemic 

分 类 号：R74[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]