An Overview and Comparative Evaluation of Head and Neck Cancer Risk Factors in India and Australia  

作　　者：Satinder Pal Singh Robert Eisenberg Gary Hoffman 

机构地区：[1]Department of Otolaryngology & Head Neck Surgery, Swift Hospital, Amritsar, India [2]Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia [3]Department of Oral Maxillo Facial Surgery, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia

出　　处：《International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery》2018年第5期254-267,共14页耳鼻喉（英文）

摘　　要：Aim: An overview and comparative evaluation of head and neck cancer risk factors in India and Australia. Method: In this review we included articles with information on head and neck cancer risk factors and its association based on: smoking tobacco, alcohol, smokeless tobacco, betel nut and areca nut chewing, viral infection like HPV, dental hygiene, diet, family history, socioeconomic status, other heavy metals and systemic conditions. Articles with clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis were excluded. Results: Head and neck cancer in India has different demographic, risk factors, dietary habits, personal and family history. Oral cancer is more common amongst all head and neck squamous cell cancers in males. This is mainly attributed with consumption of a variety of smokeless tobacco, smoking, alcohol, poverty, illiteracy, cultural, advanced stage at presentation;lack of good treatment infrastructure creates main challenge to India as compared to Australia. Conclusion: The knowledge about risk factors for HNC in public health education for general population supports health promotion and tobacco prevention, which is the main aim of the programs started by the government, as head and neck cancers are potentially preventable.Aim: An overview and comparative evaluation of head and neck cancer risk factors in India and Australia. Method: In this review we included articles with information on head and neck cancer risk factors and its association based on: smoking tobacco, alcohol, smokeless tobacco, betel nut and areca nut chewing, viral infection like HPV, dental hygiene, diet, family history, socioeconomic status, other heavy metals and systemic conditions. Articles with clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis were excluded. Results: Head and neck cancer in India has different demographic, risk factors, dietary habits, personal and family history. Oral cancer is more common amongst all head and neck squamous cell cancers in males. This is mainly attributed with consumption of a variety of smokeless tobacco, smoking, alcohol, poverty, illiteracy, cultural, advanced stage at presentation;lack of good treatment infrastructure creates main challenge to India as compared to Australia. Conclusion: The knowledge about risk factors for HNC in public health education for general population supports health promotion and tobacco prevention, which is the main aim of the programs started by the government, as head and neck cancers are potentially preventable.

关 键 词：Head and NECK Cancer ORAL Cavity OROPHARYNX SMOKING and SMOKELESS Tobacco Alcohol HPV ORAL HYGIENE Other Risk Factors 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]