Contribution of Genomic Surveillance in the Detection and Monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 Variants during the 6 Pandemic Waves in the Central African Republic from 2020 to 2023  

作　　者：Clotaire Donatien Rafaï Ernest Lango-Yaya Marie Roseline Darnicka Belizaire Ouoko Fa-Ti-Gbia Maurel Annicet Adonis Marcel Mbeko Simaleko Jean-Baptiste Roungou Oscar Senzongo Karl G. Njuwa Fai Boniface Koffi Clotaire Donatien Rafaï;Ernest Lango-Yaya;Marie Roseline Darnicka Belizaire;Ouoko Fa-Ti-Gbia Maurel Annicet Adonis;Marcel Mbeko Simaleko;Jean-Baptiste Roungou;Oscar Senzongo;Karl G. Njuwa Fai;Boniface Koffi(National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health of Bangui, Bangui, Republic Central African;University of Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic;World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland;Ministry of Health and Population, Bangui, Central African Republic;Africa CDC, Addis-Abeba, Ethiopia;Homegrown Solutions for Health, Yaounde, Cameroon)

机构地区：[1]National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health of Bangui, Bangui, Republic Central African [2]University of Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic [3]World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland [4]Ministry of Health and Population, Bangui, Central African Republic [5]Africa CDC, Addis-Abeba, Ethiopia [6]Homegrown Solutions for Health, Yaounde, Cameroon

出　　处：《Journal of Tuberculosis Research》2024年第3期151-164,共14页结核病研究（英文）

摘　　要：Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need to strengthen diagnosis and genomic surveillance capacities. In 2021, Central African managed five waves of COVID-19 by integrating genomic surveillance into their health monitoring system. This study sought to report surveillance data from the National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health and describe the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 variants. Materials and Methods: This retrospective, descriptive observational study spans three years, from April 2020 to November 2023. It was conducted on a population of consenting volunteers from across the Central African Republic, who were tested using RT-PCR on nasopharyngeal samples. Data with sufficient information were obtained from the National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health (LNBCSP) databases. Sequencing was largely carried out at the National Institute of Biomedical Research (INRB) in Kinshasa until May 2023, and subsequently at the LNBCSP. Results and Discussion: Out of 97,864 RT-PCR tests performed, 9,764 were positive, resulting in a prevalence of 9.98%. The average age of the patients was 39.97 years ± 13.76, and the male-to-female sex ratio was 2.12. RT-PCR test positivity was significantly associated with age (p = 0.001), sex (p = 0.013) and clinical manifestations. Ten variants circulated during the five recorded waves, with Omicron (B.1.1.529), Delta (B.1.617.2) variants being predominant. Notably, the B.1.620 and B.640 variants were prominent during the second wave. Conclusion: This retrospective study provides key insights into the COVID-19 pandemic in the CAR. It identifies risk factors and details the circulation of various SARS-CoV-2 variants. Enhancing national genomic surveillance capacities would enable the country to better respond to future pandemic challenges.Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need to strengthen diagnosis and genomic surveillance capacities. In 2021, Central African managed five waves of COVID-19 by integrating genomic surveillance into their health monitoring system. This study sought to report surveillance data from the National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health and describe the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 variants. Materials and Methods: This retrospective, descriptive observational study spans three years, from April 2020 to November 2023. It was conducted on a population of consenting volunteers from across the Central African Republic, who were tested using RT-PCR on nasopharyngeal samples. Data with sufficient information were obtained from the National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health (LNBCSP) databases. Sequencing was largely carried out at the National Institute of Biomedical Research (INRB) in Kinshasa until May 2023, and subsequently at the LNBCSP. Results and Discussion: Out of 97,864 RT-PCR tests performed, 9,764 were positive, resulting in a prevalence of 9.98%. The average age of the patients was 39.97 years ± 13.76, and the male-to-female sex ratio was 2.12. RT-PCR test positivity was significantly associated with age (p = 0.001), sex (p = 0.013) and clinical manifestations. Ten variants circulated during the five recorded waves, with Omicron (B.1.1.529), Delta (B.1.617.2) variants being predominant. Notably, the B.1.620 and B.640 variants were prominent during the second wave. Conclusion: This retrospective study provides key insights into the COVID-19 pandemic in the CAR. It identifies risk factors and details the circulation of various SARS-CoV-2 variants. Enhancing national genomic surveillance capacities would enable the country to better respond to future pandemic challenges.

关 键 词：SARS-CoV-2 VARIANTS Central African Republic RT-PCR 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]