Fractures and Biomechanical Characteristics of the Bone  

作　　者：Tomaz Velnar Gorazd Bunc Lidija Gradisnik 

机构地区：[1]Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia [2]Department of Traumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia [3]Laboratory Centre, Medical Faculty Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia

出　　处：《Surgical Science》2015年第6期255-263,共9页外科学（英文）

摘　　要：The biological tissue is affected by external and internal deformation forces: tractive/tensile forces, shearing and compressive forces. The bone is deformed under the effect of a force. If the load exceeds the bone solidity limitation, fracture occurs. A mature bone consists of compact and spongy bone tissue. The basic structural unit of the cortical bone tissue is osteons and spongiosa consists of a network of bone trabeculae. The organic and mineral parts of the bone are responsible for the special bone characteristics. The effect of a physical activity on the mechanical characteristics of the bone is associated with the intensity of the load. Fractures are more common in elderly people as the bone structure is altered on account of osteoporosis and contains less bone tissue. Biomechanical characteristics with anatomic and histological bone structure as well as osteoporotic hip fractures are described in the paper.The biological tissue is affected by external and internal deformation forces: tractive/tensile forces, shearing and compressive forces. The bone is deformed under the effect of a force. If the load exceeds the bone solidity limitation, fracture occurs. A mature bone consists of compact and spongy bone tissue. The basic structural unit of the cortical bone tissue is osteons and spongiosa consists of a network of bone trabeculae. The organic and mineral parts of the bone are responsible for the special bone characteristics. The effect of a physical activity on the mechanical characteristics of the bone is associated with the intensity of the load. Fractures are more common in elderly people as the bone structure is altered on account of osteoporosis and contains less bone tissue. Biomechanical characteristics with anatomic and histological bone structure as well as osteoporotic hip fractures are described in the paper.

关 键 词：FRACTURE BIOMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS BONE Structure SURGERY 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]