A Comparison of Within-Subjects and Between-Subjects Designs in Studies with Discrete-Time Survival Outcomes  

作　　者：Maryam Safarkhani Mirjam Moerbeek 

机构地区：[1]Department of Methodology and Statistics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands

出　　处：《Open Journal of Statistics》2017年第2期305-322,共18页统计学期刊（英文）

摘　　要：Crossover designs are well-known to have major advantages when comparing the effects of various non-curative treatments. We compare efficiencies of several crossover designs along with the Balaam’s design with that of a parallel group design pertaining to longitudinal studies where event time can only be measured in discrete time intervals. With equally sized sequences, the parallel group design results in the greater efficiency if the number of time periods is small. However, the crossover and Balaam’s designs tend to be more efficient as the study duration increases. The degree to which these designs add efficiency depends on the baseline hazard function and effect size. Additionally, we incorporate different cost considerations at the subject level when comparing the designs to determine the most cost-efficient design. Researchers might consider the crossover or Balaam’s design more efficient if the duration of the study is long enough, especially if the costs of applying the baseline treatment are higher.Crossover designs are well-known to have major advantages when comparing the effects of various non-curative treatments. We compare efficiencies of several crossover designs along with the Balaam’s design with that of a parallel group design pertaining to longitudinal studies where event time can only be measured in discrete time intervals. With equally sized sequences, the parallel group design results in the greater efficiency if the number of time periods is small. However, the crossover and Balaam’s designs tend to be more efficient as the study duration increases. The degree to which these designs add efficiency depends on the baseline hazard function and effect size. Additionally, we incorporate different cost considerations at the subject level when comparing the designs to determine the most cost-efficient design. Researchers might consider the crossover or Balaam’s design more efficient if the duration of the study is long enough, especially if the costs of applying the baseline treatment are higher.

关 键 词：Balaam’s DESIGN CROSSOVER DESIGN COST-EFFICIENCY DISCRETE-TIME Survival ENDPOINT Efficiency Measure Parallel Group DESIGN 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]