Molecular Markers for Genetic Diversity Studies in African Leafy Vegetables  

作　　者：Emmanuel O. Omondi Thomas Debener Marcus Linde Mary Abukutsa-Onyango Fekadu F. Dinssa Traud Winkelmann Emmanuel O. Omondi;Thomas Debener;Marcus Linde;Mary Abukutsa-Onyango;Fekadu F. Dinssa;Traud Winkelmann(Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Woody Plant and Propagation Physiology, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany;Institute for Plant Genetics, Molecular Plant Breeding, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany;Department Horticulture, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture & Technology (JKUAT), Juja, Kenya;AVRDC - The World Vegetable Center, Eastern and Southern Africa, Arusha, Tanzania)

机构地区：[1]Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Woody Plant and Propagation Physiology, Leibniz Universitä t Hannover, Hannover, Germany [2]Institute for Plant Genetics, Molecular Plant Breeding, Leibniz Universitä t Hannover, Hannover, Germany [3]Department Horticulture, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture & Technology (JKUAT), Juja, Kenya [4]AVRDC - The World Vegetable Center, Eastern and Southern Africa, Arusha, Tanzania

出　　处：《Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology》2016年第3期188-197,共10页生命科学与技术进展（英文）

摘　　要：African leafy vegetables are becoming important crops in tackling nutrition and food security in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa, since they provide important micronutrients and vitamins, and help resource-poor farm families bridge lean periods of food shortage. Genetic diversity studies are essential for crop improvement programmes as well as germplasm conservation efforts, and research on genetic diversity of these vegetables using molecular markers has been increasing over time. Diversity studies have evolved from the use of morphological and biochemical markers to molecular markers. Molecular markers provide valuable data, since they detect mostly selectively neutral variations at the DNA level. They are well established and their strengths and limitations have been described. New marker types are being developed from a combination of the strengths of the basic techniques to improve sensitivity, reproducibility, polymorphic information content, speed and cost. This review discusses the principles of some of the established molecular markers and their application to genetic diversity studies of African leafy vegetables with a main focus on the most common Solanum, Amaranthus, Cleome and Vigna species.African leafy vegetables are becoming important crops in tackling nutrition and food security in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa, since they provide important micronutrients and vitamins, and help resource-poor farm families bridge lean periods of food shortage. Genetic diversity studies are essential for crop improvement programmes as well as germplasm conservation efforts, and research on genetic diversity of these vegetables using molecular markers has been increasing over time. Diversity studies have evolved from the use of morphological and biochemical markers to molecular markers. Molecular markers provide valuable data, since they detect mostly selectively neutral variations at the DNA level. They are well established and their strengths and limitations have been described. New marker types are being developed from a combination of the strengths of the basic techniques to improve sensitivity, reproducibility, polymorphic information content, speed and cost. This review discusses the principles of some of the established molecular markers and their application to genetic diversity studies of African leafy vegetables with a main focus on the most common Solanum, Amaranthus, Cleome and Vigna species.

关 键 词：AFLPS ALLOZYMES AMARANTHUS CLEOME ISSRS Microsatellites RAPDS SNPs Solanum SSRs Vigna 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]