Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with <i>Campylobacter</i>Infection in Diarrheal Patients in Busia County, Kenya  

作　　者：Tom T. Ouko Andrew K. Nyerere John M. Njeru Eric M. Fèvre Samuel Kariuki Tom T. Ouko;Andrew K. Nyerere;John M. Njeru;Eric M. Fèvre;Samuel Kariuki(Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya;Department of Medical Microbiology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya;Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom;International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya)

机构地区：[1]Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya [2]Department of Medical Microbiology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya [3]Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom [4]International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya

出　　处：《Advances in Microbiology》2021年第11期657-680,共24页微生物学（英文）

摘　　要：<b>Introduction:</b> <i>Campylobacter</i> are zoonotic bacteria that cause gastroenteritis worldwide with the species, <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>Campylobacter coli</i> commonly associated with human diarrhea. Transmission is mainly through direct contact with farm animals, consumption of chicken and contaminated water. There is paucity of data on the epidemiology of <i>Campylobacter</i> in developing countries despite its global widespread and expansion of poultry farming;hence there is the need to explore and build on the available data. This study aimed at determining prevalence and homestead risk practices associated with <i>Campylobacter</i> infection in diarrheal patients in Busia County. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted from February, 2017 to April, 2019. Stool samples were collected from patients of all ages attending Busia County referral Hospital and structured questionnaires on homestead associated risk practices administered. Isolation and identification of <i>Campylobacter</i> species was performed using standard culture method on Modified Charcoal Cefoperazone Deoxycholate medium and confirmed by mPCR. Factors associated with <i>Campylobacter</i> infection were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. <b>Results:</b> A total of 132 (11.6%) <i>Campylobacter</i> comprising 89.2% <i>C. jejuni</i> and 10.8% <i>C. coli</i> were isolated from 1200 diarrhoegenic patients sampled. Isolation rate was higher in children aged < 2 years (13.7%) as compared to 2 - 5 years (10.2%) and >5 years (9.4%). Multilevel logistic models showed that homestead poultry farming was a significant risk associated with <i>Campylobacter</i> infection in <2 years [odds ratio (OR) 9.02;95% CI: 3.19 - 25.47, P < 0.001], 2 - 5 years (OR 6.47, 95% CI: 2.71 - 15.45, P < 0.001) and >5 years (OR 10.05;95% CI: 2.60 - 24.29, P < 0.001). Other homestead risk practices linked to children < 2 years were drinking of pond water (OR 7.43, 95% CI: 1.70 - 16.33, P < 0.001), repeated use of same food cutting board <b>Introduction:</b> <i>Campylobacter</i> are zoonotic bacteria that cause gastroenteritis worldwide with the species, <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>Campylobacter coli</i> commonly associated with human diarrhea. Transmission is mainly through direct contact with farm animals, consumption of chicken and contaminated water. There is paucity of data on the epidemiology of <i>Campylobacter</i> in developing countries despite its global widespread and expansion of poultry farming;hence there is the need to explore and build on the available data. This study aimed at determining prevalence and homestead risk practices associated with <i>Campylobacter</i> infection in diarrheal patients in Busia County. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted from February, 2017 to April, 2019. Stool samples were collected from patients of all ages attending Busia County referral Hospital and structured questionnaires on homestead associated risk practices administered. Isolation and identification of <i>Campylobacter</i> species was performed using standard culture method on Modified Charcoal Cefoperazone Deoxycholate medium and confirmed by mPCR. Factors associated with <i>Campylobacter</i> infection were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. <b>Results:</b> A total of 132 (11.6%) <i>Campylobacter</i> comprising 89.2% <i>C. jejuni</i> and 10.8% <i>C. coli</i> were isolated from 1200 diarrhoegenic patients sampled. Isolation rate was higher in children aged < 2 years (13.7%) as compared to 2 - 5 years (10.2%) and >5 years (9.4%). Multilevel logistic models showed that homestead poultry farming was a significant risk associated with <i>Campylobacter</i> infection in <2 years [odds ratio (OR) 9.02;95% CI: 3.19 - 25.47, P < 0.001], 2 - 5 years (OR 6.47, 95% CI: 2.71 - 15.45, P < 0.001) and >5 years (OR 10.05;95% CI: 2.60 - 24.29, P < 0.001). Other homestead risk practices linked to children < 2 years were drinking of pond water (OR 7.43, 95% CI: 1.70 - 16.33, P < 0.001), repeated use of same food cutting board

关 键 词：Risk Factors PREVALENCE Diarrhea Campylobacter 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]