Evaluation of Antiplasmodial Effect of Methanol Leaf Extract and Fractions of Eucalyptus camadulensis (Denhn) in Albino Wistar Mice  

作　　者：Amarachi Akachukwu Moses Ikegbunam Emmanuel Enyi Theresa Osarunwese Ifeyinwa Onochie-Igbinedion Harrison Abone Dorothy Ezeagwuna Joy Nnanna Chibueze Ihekwereme Chukwuemeka Nworu Amarachi Akachukwu;Moses Ikegbunam;Emmanuel Enyi;Theresa Osarunwese Ifeyinwa Onochie-Igbinedion;Harrison Abone;Dorothy Ezeagwuna;Joy Nnanna;Chibueze Ihekwereme;Chukwuemeka Nworu(Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria;Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria;Molecular Research Foundation for Students and Scientists, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria;Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria;Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria)

机构地区：[1]Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria [2]Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria [3]Molecular Research Foundation for Students and Scientists, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria [4]Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria [5]Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

出　　处：《American Journal of Plant Sciences》2023年第6期662-676,共15页美国植物学期刊（英文）

摘　　要：Nigeria is one of the malaria-endemic countries, where the treatment of malaria has relied heavily on natural and traditional medicines. This study was designed to investigate and ascertain the preference of Eucalyptus camaldulensis in treating malaria using three standard models among local herbalists. Extraction was carried out on the leaves of Eucalyptus camadulensis using methanol. The methanol crude extract and other solvent fractions obtained were used for analysis. An acute toxicity test (LD50) was carried out using Lorke’s Method. The extract and its fractions were screened for phytochemical constituents using standard procedures. Different doses of the methanol crude extract (250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg) and other solvent fractions (250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg) were assessed for their antiplasmodial property using the Suppressive, Curative, and Prophylactic models on different days. One hundred and eighty grams (18% w/w) of the extract were recovered from 1000 g of powdered leaves. The weight of fractions and their yields calculated from 50 g crude extract are n-hexane fraction (3.45 g, 6.9%), ethylacetate fraction (11.65 g, 23.3%), and butanol (7.84 g, 15.68%). The result of the acute toxicity test showed that the lethal dose of the plant was above 5000 mg/kg. For the crude extract, the 1000 mg/kg dose had the highest percentage of parasitemia suppression of 97.3%, 95.30%, and 75.97% in the curative, suppressive, and prophylactic models, respectively. The fractions exhibited a significant chemosuppressive effect when compared with the negative control, with the butanol fraction (500 mg/kg) showing a higher percentage suppression. The findings in this study justify the use of this plant in traditional medicine for the management of malaria fever and tally with its folkloric use. However, more research is needed to establish the functions of the constituents in relation to antiplasmodial activity.Nigeria is one of the malaria-endemic countries, where the treatment of malaria has relied heavily on natural and traditional medicines. This study was designed to investigate and ascertain the preference of Eucalyptus camaldulensis in treating malaria using three standard models among local herbalists. Extraction was carried out on the leaves of Eucalyptus camadulensis using methanol. The methanol crude extract and other solvent fractions obtained were used for analysis. An acute toxicity test (LD50) was carried out using Lorke’s Method. The extract and its fractions were screened for phytochemical constituents using standard procedures. Different doses of the methanol crude extract (250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg) and other solvent fractions (250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg) were assessed for their antiplasmodial property using the Suppressive, Curative, and Prophylactic models on different days. One hundred and eighty grams (18% w/w) of the extract were recovered from 1000 g of powdered leaves. The weight of fractions and their yields calculated from 50 g crude extract are n-hexane fraction (3.45 g, 6.9%), ethylacetate fraction (11.65 g, 23.3%), and butanol (7.84 g, 15.68%). The result of the acute toxicity test showed that the lethal dose of the plant was above 5000 mg/kg. For the crude extract, the 1000 mg/kg dose had the highest percentage of parasitemia suppression of 97.3%, 95.30%, and 75.97% in the curative, suppressive, and prophylactic models, respectively. The fractions exhibited a significant chemosuppressive effect when compared with the negative control, with the butanol fraction (500 mg/kg) showing a higher percentage suppression. The findings in this study justify the use of this plant in traditional medicine for the management of malaria fever and tally with its folkloric use. However, more research is needed to establish the functions of the constituents in relation to antiplasmodial activity.

关 键 词：Eucalyptus camadulensis ANTIPLASMODIAL 

分 类 号：R28[医药卫生—中药学]