BACKGROUND Renal duplication is a common deformity of the urinary system,with an incidence of approximately 1/125 in children.Symptomatic patients with hydronephrosis,vesicoureteral reflux,or incontinence may require ...
In the past, living donor nephrectomy required an open flank incision that results in postoperative morbidity and a prolonged hospital stay. Since its introduction in 1995, laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy has be...