supported by the Science and Technology Project of Yunnan(202101AT070040);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20162);the Yunnan Provincial Department of Education Fund for Scientific Research Project(2023Y0722);the First Class Forestry Academic Subject in Yunnan Province.
Extra-pair paternity(EPP)is commonly found in socially monogamous birds,especially in small passerine birds,and there are interspecific and intraspecific variations in the extent of EPP.The Chestnut-vented Nuthatch(Si...