By utilizing the first order behavior of the device,an equation for the frequency of operation of the submicron CMOS ring oscillator is presented.A 5-stage ring oscillator is utilized as the initial design,with differ...
Tunneling is studied in two main single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) topologies, which are r^-tub guard ring (NTGR) and p-tub guard ring (PTGR). Device sinmlation, I - V measurements, and dark count calculation...
The numerical simulation of two dimensional device is conducted to describe the mechanism of the special substrate current and degradation of submicron LDD structure observed in experiments, and finally, the optimum p...