the National Basic Research Program of Ministry of Science and Technology,China(973 Program,2012CB114105);National Natural Science Foundation of China (31272089);China Agriculture Research System (CARS一25一B一06).
Natal rearing experience of animals may affect their behaviors,such as habitat selection and oviposition decision.As part of the overall fitness of insect parasitoids, successful host discrimination (distinguishing pa...
Organisms often live in unpredictable environments and have to adopt life history strategies that optimize their fitness under these conditions.According to bet-hedging theory,individuals can reduce variation in fitne...
Superparasitism in solitary parasitoids results in fatal competition between the immature parasitoids, and consequently only one individual can emerge. In the semisoli- tary ovicidal parasitoid Echthrodelphaxfairchild...
We assessed the adaptiveness of refraining from infanticidal probing at the third attack under triple parasitism in the parasitoid Echthrodelphaxfairchildii Perkins, by comparing fitness returns from the third attack ...