supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC2502500 and 2022YFC2502502);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82130021 and 82200752);the Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research(CFH2022-1-4071);the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2019-I2M-5-046);the Michigan Medicine-Peking University Health Science Center Joint Institute for Translational and Clinical Research(BMU2022JI002).
The kidney’s complex structure and functions are essential for homeostasis.Each human kidney contains one million nephrons surrounded by a vast network of peritubular capillaries that support oxygen and nutrients,and...