青少年社会支持、心理弹性与自杀意念的关系  

The relationship between social support,resilience and suicidal ideation in adolescents

作　　者：唐慧琳[1] 王思怡 胡永恒 TANG Huilin;WANG Siyi;HU Yongheng(School of Teacher Education,Nanjing Xiaozhuang University,Nanjing 211171,China;Guiyang Traffic School,Guiyang 550000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京晓庄学院教师教育学院,江苏南京211171 [2]贵阳市交通学校,贵州贵阳550000

出　　处：《心理月刊》2022年第10期26-28,55,共4页

基　　金：江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究项目(2019SJA0423)

摘　　要：目的探讨青少年社会支持、心理弹性与自杀意念三者之间的关系。方法采用分层整群抽样的方式选取南京七所中学的1449例学生为被试,利用社会支持评定量表、青少年心理弹性量表以及Beck自杀意念量表进行调查。采用独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析、Pearson积差相关分析、结构方程模型进行统计分析。结果不同性别中学生的自杀危险性具有非常显著的差异,男生得分低于女生(t=-3.000,P<0.01);不同年级中学生的自杀意念强度、自杀危险性具有极其显著的差异(F=5.841、6.372,P<0.001),初二、初三、高二学生得分高于其他年级学生。青少年社会支持、心理弹性与自杀意念之间均存在显著负相关;社会支持与心理弹性之间存在显著正相关。社会支持对心理弹性具有正向预测作用,心理弹性在社会支持与自杀意念关系中起完全中介作用,中介率为29.02%。结论社会支持以心理弹性为中介能有效减少青少年自杀意念的形成。Objective To explore the relationship between social support,resilience and suicidal ideation in adolescents.Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 1449 students from seven middle schools in Nanjing as subjects,and the survey was conducted using the social support rating scale,the adolescent resilience scale and the Beck suicidal ideation scale.Independent samples t test,one-way ANOVA,Pearson product-difference correlation analysis,and structural equation model were used for statistical analysis.Results There were very significant differences in the suicide risk of middle school students of different genders,and the score of boys was lower than that of girls(t=-3.000,P<0.01);the intensity of suicidal ideation and suicide risk of middle school students of different grades had extremely significant differences(F=5.841,6.372,P<0.001),the scores of students in the second,third and second grades of junior high school were higher than those of other grades.There were significant negative correlations among adolescents’social support,resilience and suicidal ideation;there was a significant positive correlation between social support and resilience.Social support had a positive predictive effect on resilience,and resilience played a complete mediating role in the relationship between social support and suicidal ideation,with a mediating rate of 29.02%.Conclusion Social support mediated by resilience can effectively reduce the formation of suicidal ideation in adolescents.

关 键 词：青少年 社会支持 心理弹性 自杀意念 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]