济宁市孕期妇女膳食补充剂摄入情况调查  

Investigation on dietary supplement intake of pregnant women in Jining

作　　者：薛宏凤 刘欢 朱科华 陈慧[3] 孙鹏[1] 刘岩 XUE Hong-feng;LIU Huan;ZHU Ke-hua;CHEN Hui;SUN Peng;LIU Yan(Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College,Jining 272000,China)

机构地区：[1]济宁医学院附属医院营养科,山东济宁272000 [2]济宁医学院附属医院乳腺外科,山东济宁272000 [3]济宁医学院附属医院产科,山东济宁272000

出　　处：《社区医学杂志》2022年第12期651-656,共6页Journal Of Community Medicine

基　　金：济宁医学院附属医院“苗圃”科研项目(MP-MS-2019-018);济宁医学院实践教学教育研究科学项目(JYSJ2020A01)

摘　　要：目的了解济宁地区孕期妇女膳食以及膳食补充剂摄入情况,评价膳食结构以及膳食补充剂的摄入是否合理,为做出更加合理的孕期膳食指导提供依据。方法采用问卷调查的方式,抽取2020-03-01-2020-12-31济宁医学院附属医院产科门诊及病房收治的220名孕妇为调查对象,进行半定量食物频率调查(FFQ),问卷内容涉及一般家庭状况、膳食情况、膳食补充剂摄入情况以及孕期相关并发症(贫血、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期高血压)等。结果共回收有效问卷205份(孕早期15份,孕中晚期190份),孕期使用一种或多种膳食补充剂的181例,占比88.3%。膳食补充剂的摄入情况与孕周有关(χ^(2)=6.368,P=0.041),在孕早期和孕晚期孕妇摄入膳食补充剂的人数相对较高;家庭人均月收入2000~5000元的人群摄入膳食补充剂的人数占比相对较高,χ^(2)=6.480,P=0.039;孕前体质量与膳食补充剂的摄入也有关(χ^(2)=10.515,P=0.005),孕前身体质量指数(BMI)正常的人群,更容易接受膳食补充剂的摄入。本调查还发现,孕期妇女谷薯类摄入偏多,孕早期平均摄入量为(374.3±208.1)g,孕中期为(377.7±194.7)g,孕晚期为(342.2±312.8)g,均高于膳食指南推荐摄入量;而乳类摄入较少,孕早期平均摄入量为(209.6±109.5)mL,孕中期为(271.9±245.1)mL,孕晚期为(251.5±224.4)mL,均低于膳食指南推荐摄入量;孕中晚期有24例出现妊娠期糖尿病,可能与饮食中的谷薯类(t=2.642,P=0.010)、乳类(t=2.498,P=0.013)和水果(t=2.342,P=0.020)的摄入量有关。结论孕期妇女膳食中谷薯类摄入较多,乳类和动物性食物摄入相对不足,这可能与妊娠期糖尿病的发生有关。孕期妇女对膳食补充剂的认识存在误区,提示应对备孕及孕期的人群做出更加合理的营养指导。Objective To understand the dietary and dietary supplement intake of pregnant women in Jining area,evaluate whether the dietary structure and dietary supplement intake are reasonable,and provide basis for making more reasonable dietary guidance during pregnancy.Methods A total of 220 pregnant women from March 1,2020 to December 31,2020 were investigated in the obstetric clinic and ward of Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College by food frequency questionnaire(FFQ).The questionnaire involved general family status,dietary status,dietary supplement intake,and related complications during pregnancy(anemia,gestational diabetes mellitus,gestational hypertension).Results A total of 205 valid questionnaires were collected in this survey(15 in the first trimester and 190 in the second and third trimester).181 cases used one or more dietary supplements during pregnancy,accounting for 88.3%.The intake of dietary supplements was different from the gestational week(χ^(2)=6.368,P=0.041),the pregnant women in the first and third trimester of pregnancy is relatively higher in taking dietary supplements.The proportion of people with a per capita monthly income of 2000-5000 yuan who take dietary supplements is relatively high(χ^(2)=6.480,P=0.039),and the intake of dietary supplements(χ^(2)=10.515,P=0.005)was also correlated with the weight before pregnancy.People with normal BMI before pregnancy were more likely to accept the intake of dietary supplements.The survey also found that the average intake of cereals and potatoes in pregnant women was(374.3±208.1)g in the first trimester,(377.7±194.7)g in the second trimester and(342.2±312.8)g in the third trimester,all higher than the recommended intake in the dietary guidelines.However,the intake of milk was less.The average intake of milk in the first trimester was(209.6±109.5)ml,the average intake of milk in the second trimester was(271.9±245.1)ml,and the average intake of milk in the third trimester was(251.5±224.4)ml,which were all lower than the recommended intake

关 键 词：孕期 膳食补充剂 膳食调查 济宁市 

分 类 号：R153.1[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]