2022世界卫生组织中医国际标准术语与已有中医术语英译标准的比较——脏象术语部分  

Comparison Between 2022 World Health Organization International Standard Terminologies of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Existing Traditional Chinese Medicine Terminology Standards——On Visceral Term Section

作　　者：张喆[1] 徐丽[1] 蒋建勇 Zhang Zhe;Xu Li;Jiang Jianyong(College of Foreign Language,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,China;Foreign Languages Teaching Department,Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]山东中医药大学外国语学院,济南250355 [2]贵州中医药大学外语教学部,贵阳550025

出　　处：《世界科学技术-中医药现代化》2023年第11期3533-3540,共8页Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology

基　　金：全国哲学社会科学工作办公室国家社会科学基金项目西部项目(19XSH012):中医药国际传播文化软实力体系建构研究,负责人:蒋建勇

摘　　要：目的中医术语英译标准化是中医药国际传播的基础。因此在本研究中,探讨了2022世界卫生组织中医国际标准术语(WHO22)与已有的世界中医药联合会的《中医基本名词术语中英对照标准》(ISNTCM)与世界卫生组织的《西太地区传统医学名词术语国际标准》(ISTTM)在脏象术语的异同,希望通过本研究能进一步完善中医术语的英译标准。方法收集已有的术语标准的电子版,提取脏象部分术语,转换为Excel表格;提取2022世界卫生组织中医国际标准术语中的脏象术语,做同样的处理。比较WHO22与ISNTCM、ISTTM的异同。结果WHO22标准中,脏腑术语共有170条。ISTTM中共收录脏象术语83条,ISNTCM收录了215条。ISTTM与WHO2022在常用的脏象术语上一致,但WHO22未单独将五脏、六腑、奇恒之腑的各个脏器的名称列为单独的术语。在ISNTCM与WHO22的比较中,两个标准的脏象术语基本上一致,很多术语的英译也只是稍有差异。结论WHO在2022年所发布的世界卫生组织中医国际标准术语体现了中医英译标准的最新的成果,是中外学者共同探讨和合作的成果。但由于该标准没有明确其翻译原则或选词原则,使得在术语翻译中存在着前后不一致的问题,此外也未在信息技术快速发展的背景下采用新的技术方法。Objective The standardization of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)term in English is a precondition for the internationalization of TCM.Therefore,in the current study similarities and differences on visceral terms between 2022 World Health Organization International Standard Terminologies of Traditional Chinese Medicine(abbreviated as WHO22)and the existing International Standard Chinese-English Basic Nomenclature of Chinese Medicine compiled by the World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies(abbreviated as ISNTCM)and the WHO International Standard Terminologies on Traditional Medicine in the Western Pacific Region(abbreviated as ISTTM)were discussed.Methods The electronic versions of the existing terminology standard were collected,and terms on viscera section were extracted and converted into Excel files.Terms on visceral section in the WHO22 were also processed with the same method.The similarities and differences between WHO22 and ISNTCM as well as those between WHO22 and ISTTM were compared.Results In the WHO22,there are 170 terms on viscera section,in ISTTM,there are 83 terms,and in ISNTCM 215 terms.Generally,ISTTM and WHO22 are consistent in visceral terms,but in WHO22 the names of the five zang-organs,six fu-organs,and extraordinary fu-organs as single terms are not listed.ISNTCM and WHO22 share the same visceral terms with slight difference.Conclusion WHO22 reflects the latest achievements of the English translation standard of TCM,and is the result of study and cooperation between Chinese and foreign scholars.However,there are inconsistencies in translations of certain terms,which might be caused by no clarification on translation principles or term selection principles.Besides,new research method such as corpus linguistics are not applied in the context of the rapid development of information technology in WHO22.

关 键 词：术语标准 脏象术语 语料库语言学 翻译原则 最小翻译单位 

分 类 号：N61[自然科学总论]