对越南学生汉语中介语语料库中平比句使用情况的考察  

A Study on the Usage of Equative Sentences Based on the Chinese Interlanguage Corpus of Vietnamese Students

作　　者：刘汉武 LUU Hon Vu

机构地区：[1]胡志明市银行大学外语系

出　　处：《世界华文教学》2023年第1期123-137,共15页

基　　金：胡志明市银行大学科研项目“越南学生汉语平比句使用情况研究”(项目编号:CT-2108-144)

摘　　要：本文将汉语平比句分为五种句式T1(X像Y一样)、T2(X像Y一样R)、T3(X跟/和/同/与Y一样)、T4(X跟/和/同/与Y一样R)、T5(X有Y这么/那么R)。通过考察越南学生汉语中介语语料库,本研究发现越南学生倾向于使用T1句式,不使用T5句式,各句式使用频率的高低顺序为T1>T3>T2>T4>T5。与汉语母语者的使用情况相比,越南学生有超用T1、T2、T3句式的现象。在汉语的习得过程中,越南学生因受母语影响而产生了比较结果(R)与比较标记错序的偏误。其习得规律为:(1)先习得无比较结果(R)句式,再习得有比较结果(R)句式;(2)先习得常用句式,再习得不常用句式;(3)先习得与母语语序相同的句式,再习得与母语语序不同的句式。The article divides Chinese equative sentences into five sentence patterns:T1(X像Y一样),T2(X像Y一样R),T3(X跟/和/同/与Y一样),T4(X跟/和/同/与Y一样R),T5(X有Y这么/那么R).By investigating the Chinese interlanguage corpus of Vietnamese students,we found that:Vietnamese students tend to use the T1 sentence pattern,but do not use T5 sentence pattern,and the order of usage frequency of each sentence pattern is T1>T3>T2>T4>T5.Compared with the usage of native Chinese speakers,Vietnamese students tend to overuse T1,T2,and T3 sentence patterns.In the process of acquisition,due to the influence of their mother tongue,Vietnamese students have made errors in the comparison result(R)and the comparison markers are out of order.The regular pattern of acquisition is:(1)Firstly acquire the sentence pattern without comparison result(R),and then acquire the sentence pattern with comparison result(R);(2)Firstly acquire common sentence patterns,and then learn less frequently used sentence patterns;(3)Firstly acquire sentence patterns that have the same word order as the mother tongue,and then acquire sentence patterns that are different from the mother tongue word order.

关 键 词：平比句 越南学生 中介语语料库 偏误 习得 

分 类 号：H195.3[语言文字—汉语]