“娇儿不离膝,畏我复却去”之“却”字解  

Interpreting “que” in Du Fu’s “Qiang Village”

作　　者：黄人二[1] 童超 Huang Ren’er;Tong Chao(the Department of Chinese Language and Literature at East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中文系,上海市200241

出　　处：《文艺理论研究》2022年第3期185-196,共12页Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

基　　金：中国国家社会科学基金重点项目“中国古文书学视角下的先秦两汉官学”[项目编号:14AZD101];国家社科基金后期资助项目“先秦西汉儒道类出土文献研究”[项目编号:21FZWB071];上海市教育委员会科研创新计划重大项目“汉以前典章名物图纂汇释集成——以《诗经》、《楚辞》为主例”[项目编号:2017-01070005-E00051];贵州省2019年度哲学社会科学规划国学单列课题一般项目“新出土战国汉代简帛经部典籍研究”[项目编号:19GZGX10]等阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：杜诗《羌村》“娇儿不离膝,畏我复却去”之“却”字训诂,古注、今注各有解释。然古注之中,似罕有正确之解者;而今注的争讼,至于现在,业已超过六十年之久,可谓学界里“斗嘴公案”之一例。后虽出现“综述”性质文章,将这些是非曲直,加以归纳叙述,但于此诗“却”字音、义,仍不得正解。尤其近几年关于杜诗注释的大型著作书籍,纷纷面世,看似热闹盛大,然于“却(卻)”字之“音读”“训诂”,仍然没有任何研究上的突破。本文尝试从闽南方言的角度出发,试图解开这个学界争讼。“却”用其“又”“复”意,音读应类似“搁”,字形的正形要写成“卻”,“却”是俗体。There are numerous interpretations of the word“却/que”in the following stanza of Du Fu's poem,“Qiang Village”:“My darling child clutches my knee;dreading that I will leave again(Jiaoer bu lixi,Weiwo fu quequ).”However,barely any accurate explanations were given in classical annotations.The controversy over the ways in which the word should be annotated has continued in contemporary scholarship for over 60 years,contributing another case to the list of scholarly debates in history.Despite such research that comprehensively delineates and reviews these debates,including several voluminous publications of annotations to Du Fu's poetry in recent years,the philology of the word“que”as such in terms of its sound and meaning remains obscure.This article attempts to offer an apporach to interpreting“que”through the lens of the Minnan dialect.It argues that“que”in Du Fu's poem semantically means“again”or“once more,”which should be pronounced close to“搁/ge”and written as“卻”with“却”as its vernacular form.

关 键 词：杜诗 《羌村三首》 复却 却去 却 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]