当代艺术批评如何贯彻唯物史观?——重读1859年马克思、恩格斯致拉萨尔的信  

How does Contemporary Art Criticism Implement Historical Materialism?

作　　者：林玮[1] 高懿 Wei LIN;Yi GAO(Zhejiang University)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学哲学学院 [2]浙江大学传媒与国际文化学院

出　　处：《马克思主义美学研究》2023年第1期266-279,446,共15页Research on Marxist Aesthetics

摘　　要：唯物史观是马克思主义美学得以建立的基础,也应具有批评实践的指导意义。在1859年马克思和恩格斯写给拉萨尔的两封信中,唯物史观的批评化集中表现在三组概念上,即“莎士比亚化”与“席勒式”、“美学观点”与“史学观点”、“世界性”与“民族性”。其中,“莎士比亚化”意味着应从历史感知的角度来看待艺术;“美学观点和史学观点”提示可以从情感角度来理解唯物史观;“世界性与民族性的融合”更启发了艺术批评要从情感结构的角度对当代现象加以把握。唯物史观在当代艺术批评中的作用之一,是对当代人“历史感”的判断。Historical materialism is the foundation of Marxist aesthetics,and it should have the guiding significance of critical practice.In the two letters written by Marx and Engels to LaSalle in 1859,the criticism of historical materialism is mainly manifested in three groups of concepts;“Shakespeare style”and“Schiller style”,“aesthetic view”and“historical view”,“cosmopolitanism”and“nationality”.“Shakespeare style”means that literature and art should be viewed from the perspective of historical perception;“aesthetic view and historical view”suggests that historical materialism can be understood from the perspective of emotion;“the integration of cosmopolitanism and nationality”enlightens literary criticism to grasp contemporary phenomena from the Perspective of emotional structure.One of the functions of historical materialism in contemporary literary criticism is to judge the“sense of history”of contemporary people.

关 键 词：唯物史观 艺术批评 情感结构 历史感 

分 类 号：J0-02[艺术—艺术理论]