卢卡奇的悲剧时间观  

Lukács’s View of Time in Tragedy

作　　者：赵英晖 Zhao Yinghui(College of Foreign Languages and Literature,Fudan University)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学外文学院

出　　处：《马克思主义美学研究》2021年第2期532-546,741,共16页Research on Marxist Aesthetics

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“当代欧美戏剧研究”(19ZD10)阶段性成果

摘　　要：《悲剧形而上学》和《现代戏剧发展史》分别从形而上学和文学社会学的角度解释了悲剧情节时长由何决定以及有何作用。在《悲剧形而上学》中,“悲剧只是一个时刻”,这个“时刻”是“经验生活”向“真实生活”转变的瞬间,也是“真实生活”那无法以物理时间度量的永恒;在《现代戏剧发展史》中,时长是悲剧概念本身包含的事实之一,它与另一个事实,即“群体性”的共同作用使得悲剧具备了普遍性、单点透视、以因果关系关联的事件、意志斗争等特征表现。在这两种解释中,悲剧时长均由悲剧自身决定,是一个关乎戏剧之所是的根本问题,不可更改也绝无可能更改,除非跳出“戏剧”的语境,而进入“现代戏剧”的问题领域。"The Metaphysics of Tragedy"and History of the Development of Modern Drama explain from the perspectives of metaphysics and sociology of literature,respectively,how the duration of the plot of tragedy is determined and what it determines in the play.In"The Metaphysics of Tragedy","tragedy is only a moment",this"moment"is a point of the transition from"empirical life"to"real life".It is also the timelessness of"real life",which cannot be measured by mechanical time and in which essence and existence are one.In History of the Development of Modern Drama,the duration of the plot of tragedy is implicit in the concept of tragedy itself.Together with"mass effect",it forces the tragedy in the direction of universality,linear perspective and causal connection.In both interpretations,the duration of the tragic plot is determined by the tragedy itself,which is a fundamental issue related to what drama is.It cannot be changed;it can never be changed,unless we abandon the context of"drama"and enter the problem field of modern drama".

关 键 词：卢卡奇 悲剧 时间 形而上学 文学社会学 

分 类 号：I0[文学—文学理论]