边缘扰动中心——一个观察晚清民国耶稣会史的视角  

The Periphery Stimulating the Centre:A Perspective on the Study of Jesuit History in Modern China

作　　者：王皓 WANG Hao(College of Liberal Arts,Shanghai University)

机构地区：[1]上海大学文学院

出　　处：《基督教文化学刊》2022年第2期270-283,共14页Journal for the Study of Christian Culture

摘　　要：明清天主教史是中国基督教史的重要组成部分,耶稣会士则是这段历史当仁不让的主角之一。可是,对明清之际的中国来说,中西相遇的历史并非时代主线。客观而言,耶稣会士来华只能算是同时代中国的一段“小历史”。①相比明清之际的耶稣会,晚清民国时期的耶稣会就显得更为边缘。简要地说,康熙朝发生的礼仪之争直接导致了在华耶稣会传教活动的中断,此后,耶稣会士的合法活动主要被限定在钦天监和宫廷之中。1773年,由于卷入了欧洲各国的政治斗争,耶稣会被罗马教廷解散。这一天主教修会于1814年被恢复,并且在1841年重新派遣传教士来华开展教务。This is a summary of the author’s doctoral dissertation in 2017 at Fudan University,which focuses on the interaction between the modern Society of Jesus and modern scholarship both in China and in Europe.Compared with either the Jesuits during the Ming-Qing transition or Protestant missionaries in the late Qing and Republican eras,the new Society of Jesus has received little attention from scholars of Chinese history and remains peripheral.Taking as its case studies the three fields of Meteorology,European Sinology,and Chinese Historical Studies,this essay analyzes the position and role of Jesuit scholarship in both Chinese and European contexts and demonstrates how the periphery influences the center as well as the different types of interactions.The meteorological activities of the new Society of Jesus,for example,stimulated the formation of local academic centers of meteorology in China.The new Jesuits’Sinology provided European Sinology with its primary research foundation and constituted the upper links of the chain of academic production.In return,the Sinology of the new Jesuits,as used and critiqued by Chen Yuan,played an essential role in establishing the paradigm of historical studies of religions in modern China.

关 键 词：传教活动 耶稣会士 晚清民国时期 传教士 礼仪之争 钦天监 康熙朝 明清天主教 

分 类 号：B979[哲学宗教—宗教学] K25[历史地理—历史学]