超越双元制学业模式——德国职业教育与学术教育融合的新进展  

Beyond the Dual Study Model:The New Developments in the Integration of Vocational and Academic Education in Germany

作　　者：孙进[1] 郭荣梅 SUN Jin;GUO Rong-mei(Institute of International&Comparative Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学国际与比较教育研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《高等教育研究》2022年第10期99-109,共11页Journal of Higher Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(教育学)一般项目(BDA200076)

摘　　要：进入21世纪以来,受经济发展与产业结构转型、劳动力市场变化以及受教育者需求多样化等因素的影响,德国传统的双元制学业模式得到了拓展和创新。一方面,通过创办汉堡职业大学增进职业教育与学术教育的融合程度,发展出一种新型双元制学业模式,即融合大学学业的双元制职业培训模式(汉堡模式);另一方面,职业教育和学术教育相融合变得更多样化,大学、职业学校、企业、跨企业培训中心等机构密切协同,发展形成三元制和四元制模式。学业模式创新既有助于增强职业教育的适应性与吸引力,也有利于满足社会的复合型人才需求,回应受教育者兴趣的多样化。Since the 21st century,the traditional dual study model in Germany has been expanded and innovated.On one hand,the integration of vocational and academic education has been improved by creating Hamburg Vocational University and developing a new model of dual study;on the other hand,the integration of vocational and academic education has become more diversified,with institutions such as universities,vocational schools,enterprises,and cross-enterprise training centers working in close collaboration to develop triadic and quaternary models.These new models not only help to enhance the adaptability and attractiveness of vocational education,but also better meet the social demand for inter-disciplinary talents and respond to the diversity of interests of students.

关 键 词：双元制学业模式 职业教育 职普融通 德国 

分 类 号：G719.516[文化科学—职业技术教育学]