从《吕氏春秋》论《太一生水》的宇宙论  

Discourse on the Cosmological System of Tai Yi Sheng Shui From Lü's Commentaries of History

作　　者：周秦汉 Zhou Qinhan

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学历史学院

出　　处：《思想与文化》2020年第2期35-53,共19页Thought & Culture

摘　　要：以《吕氏春秋》作为参照,可为《太一生水》研究提供新的尺度和思路.《太一生水》中的概念大多见于《吕氏春秋·十二纪》纪首;但受战国中后期气论兴盛的影响,后者被加以"气"字,以强调运动性和哲学内涵.《十二纪》纪首是纯粹的阴阳家说;《太一生水》的主要性质是道家,但有阴阳家色彩.学派归属问题是基于预设先秦存在道家与阴阳家的畛域,但此预设或不成立.两种文献可能只是共用了相同的思想资源.《吕氏春秋》尚气说与《太一生水》尚水说的对比,为先秦道家宇宙论的分途提供了新参考.在宇宙论体系上,《吕氏春秋》全书虽内涵丰富,但系统性不如《太一生水》.故在短时段中,"早期文献的思想系统性差于晚期文献"的预设可能需修正.Taking Lü’s Comm entaries of History as a reference,it can provide new dimensions and ideas for the study of Tai Yi Sheng Shui.The concepts in Tai Yi Sheng Shui are mostly found in the first chapter of Twelve Ji of Lü’s Comm entaries of History.But influenced by the prosperity of the Qi theory in the middle and late period of the Warring States Period,Tai Yi Sheng Shui was added with the word“Qi”to emphasize movability and philosophical connotation.The first chapter of Twelve Ji is thoughts of pure Yin-Yang School.Tai Yi Sheng Shui takes Taoist as main nature,but it has some features of Yin-Yang School.The school problem is based on the existence of differences in Taoism and Yin-Yang School in the pre-Qin period,but this presupposition may not hold.The two literatures may share the same intellectual resources.The contrast between the Qi Theory in Lü’s Comm entaries of History and the Water Theory in Tai Yi Sheng Shui provides a new reference for the division of the pre-Qin Taoist cosmology.In the terms of the cosmological system,although Lü’s Comm entaries of Historyis rich in content,it is not as systematic as Tai Yi Sheng Shui.Therefore,in a short period of time,the presupposition that the early literatures are less systematic than the late literatures may need to be modified.

关 键 词：《太一生水》 《吕氏春秋》 郭店简 水论 气论 

分 类 号：B223[哲学宗教—中国哲学] K877.5[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]