Scientific case studies in land-use driven soil erosion in the central United States: Why soil potential and risk concepts should be included in the principles of soil health  

作　　者：Benjamin L.Turner Jay Fuhrer Melissa Wuellner Hector M.Menendez Barry H.Dunn Roger Gates 

机构地区：[1]Texas A&M University-Kingsville,Department of Agriculture,Agribusiness,and Environmental Science,700 University Blvd.,MSC 228,Kingsville,TX 78363,USA [2]North Dakota Natural Resource Conservation Service,220 East Rosser Avenue,PO Box 1458,Bismarck,ND 58502-1458,USA [3]University of Nebraska-Kearney,Department of Biology,Bruner Hall of Science,240111th Avenue,Kearney,NE 68849-1140,USA [4]South Dakota State University,Department of Natural Resource Management,Box 2140B,Brookings,SD 57007,USA [5]South Dakota State University,Box 2201,Brookings,SD 57007,USA [6]University of Georgia,104 S.Thornton Ave.,Dalton,GA 30720,USA

出　　处：《International Soil and Water Conservation Research》2018年第1期63-78,共16页国际水土保持研究（英文）

摘　　要：Despite recent improvements in overall soil health gained through conservation agriculture, which has become a global priority in agricultural systems, soil and water-related externalities (e.g., wind and water erosion) continue to persist or worsen. Using an inductive, systems approach, we tested the hypothesis that such externalities persist due to expansion of cultivation onto areas unsuitable for sustained production. To test this hypothesis, a variety of data sources and analyses were used to uncover the land and water resource dynamics underlying noteworthy cases of soil erosion (either wind or water) and hydrological effects (e.g., flooding, shifting hydrographs) throughout the central United States. Given the evidence, we failed to reject the hypothesis that cultivation expansion is contributing to increased soil and water externalities, since significant increases in cultivation on soils with severe erosion limitations were observed everywhere the externalities were documented. We discuss the case study results in terms of land use incentives (e.g., policy, economic, and biophysical), developing concepts of soil security, and ways to utilize case studies such as those presented to better communicate the value of soil and water resource conservation. Incorporating the tenets of soil potential and soil risk into soil health evaluations and cultivation decision-making is needed to better match the soil resource with land use and help avoid more extreme soil and water-related externalities.

关 键 词：SOIL erosion WATERSHED RUNOFF SOIL POTENTIAL SOIL security EXTERNALITY 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]