“以子之矛,攻子之盾”、解构主义和文学批评  

Setting One's Spear Against His Own Shield", Deconstruction and Literary Criticism

作　　者：叶华年[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学外国语学院,上海200234

出　　处：《上海师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2004年第1期63-69,共7页Journal of Shanghai Normal University(Philosophy & Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：　解构主义的策略之一似是"以子之矛,攻子之盾",即从本源上审视和检验文本中占统治地位的传统观念和方法的具体细节,揭示其所遮蔽或压制的意指过程中的差异与矛盾,以期颠倒原等级次序,更新认识,促进思想。解构主义用于文学批评则能排除定见,别开生面,取得耳目一新的释解,如文章中对《拧紧螺丝》和《莺莺传》的解构性阅读所证。解构主义所关注的不只是知识与真理问题,而更是权力与权威问题,它虽有局限性,但其合理的批判精神有利于破旧布新,至今仍能大有作为。Setting one's spear against his own shield - attacking him by exploiting his weakness' seems to be a strategy of deconstruction, that is, to examine and critique the traditional concepts and methods dominant in the text and to expose the differences and contradictions covered up or suppressed at the source so as to overturn the old hierarchical order, to renew thinking and promote development. Applied to literary criticism, deconstruction breaks with fixed doctrines to open up new fields and achieve refreshing interpretations, as is illustrated by the deconstructive reading of The Turn of the Screw and of The Story of Yingying in this essay. What are at issue for deconstruction are not knowledge and truth but power and authority. Though deconstruction has its limitations, its rational critical spirit, which is conducive to pushing away the old to bring forth the new, can still play its active role at present.

关 键 词：“以子之矛 攻子之盾” 解构主义 文学批评 情节逻辑 故事逻辑 语音中心主义 

分 类 号：I06[文学—文学理论]