基于阅读实验方法的认知地图形成研究  

Research on Cognitive Map Formation Based on Reading Experiments

作　　者：万刚[1] 高俊[1] 刘颖真[1] 

机构地区：[1]信息工程大学,测绘学院,河南郑州450052

出　　处：《遥感学报》2008年第2期339-346,共8页NATIONAL REMOTE SENSING BULLETIN

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:40371090)资助

摘　　要：地图空间认知理论是地图学的基础理论,其基本命题是"地图是人类空间认知工具",核心概念是认知地图。对认知地图的形成进行了全面的总结,给出了地图空间认知的过程框架,进行了基于纸质地图、电子地图、遥感影像和虚拟地理环境阅读的认知实验。论文认为基于阅读行为的认知地图形成过程是从整体到局部的,这和基于亲历的过程是不同的;在基于阅读行为建立对环境的空间认知过程中,大比例尺和小比例尺是存在差异的;基于阅读的认知草图基本上属于"空间型"草图,以区位导向为主;四种不同的认知手段所造成的空间认知结果也是不同的。The theory of map space cognition is a basis of cartography.The proposition that 'map is a spatial cognitive tool of human being' is a basic proposition of the theory and cognitive map is its core conception.The theory of space cognition focuses on the essential methodology and principles of human being in the process of spatial cognition,so it is very meaningful to various scientists.This paper summarizes the cognitive map formation comprehensively.It proposes a framework of it,and discusses essential elements and supplementary elements of cognitive map.A series of cognitive experiments using paper maps,electronic maps,remote-sensing images and VGEs(virtual geographical environment) of small scale and large scale have been finished.While the scale was fixed,all these kinds of experiment data were in the same place in order to facilitate the comparison of the experiment results.This paper analyzes the results of each kind of experiment data.Conclusions of the analysis are: the cognitive effect of data of small scale from better to worse by order are paper map,electronic map,VGE and remote-sensing image;the cognitive effect of data of big scale from better to worse by order are VGE,remote-sensing image,paper map and electronic map;cognitive map formation based on reading is a process from whole to parts which differs from the formation based on personal experience;and the formations with data of small or large scales are different;the cognitive sketch map based on reading is a 'spatial' sketch map which is guided by position and direction;supplementary elements of cognitive map are proved existing.

关 键 词：地图空间认知 认知地图 电子地图 遥感影像 虚拟地理环境 

分 类 号：TP701[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] P208[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]