利用特征氨基酸组分分析与显微观察鉴别掺假鱼粉  

Identification on adulterated fishmeals by analysis of characteristic amino acids and observation by microscope

作　　者：徐洁[1] 钱爱萍[1] 陈体强[1] 饶秋华[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院,福建福州350003

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2004年第2期121-125,共5页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家质量监督检验检疫总局资助课题(2003IK010)

摘　　要：通过显微镜检观察,发现两类掺假鱼粉中分别含有海泥颗粒或羽毛碎片等杂质。氨基酸分析结果表明,掺假鱼粉的氨基酸总量和蛋氨酸、赖氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸等必需氨基酸含量大幅度降低,造成氨基酸组分不平衡;掺入海泥的鱼粉中芳香族氨基酸——酪氨酸含量不到合格鱼粉正常值的1/4,而掺入羽毛粉的鱼粉,丝氨酸、胱氨酸、脯氨酸等含量反而比优质鱼粉的正常含量还要高。分析结果还表明,优质或合格鱼粉中检出丰富的牛磺酸(637.4～746.8 mg·hg-1),而掺假鱼粉中牛磺酸含量只有33.27～43.76 mg·hg-1,不到正常值的1/10,可以作为特征性指标成分进行鱼粉是否掺假的检测分析。采用氨基酸组分分析技术结合显微镜观察可以准确鉴别掺假鱼粉。Sea mud, fragment of feather were found in the two kinds of adulterated fishmeal by microscope. The analysis results showed that total amino acids (TAA) and essential amino acids (EAA) such as methionine (Met), lysine (Lys), threonine (Thr) and trpoine (Trp) in the adulterated fishmeals decreased significantly and resulted in unbalanced composition of amino acids. The content of Tyrosine (Tyr, aromatic amino acid) in the adulterated fishmeal with sea mud was not more than a quarter of normal ; the contents of serine (Ser), cystine (Cys) and proline (Pro) in the adulterated with feather were abnomally higher than high-quality fishmeals. The results also showed that the content of Taurinent in high-quality or general grade fishmeal was 637. 4 - 746. 8 mg·hg-1. that in adulterated one was 33. 27-43. 76 mg·hg-1, it can be used as a characteristic index to analyse whether the fishmeal is adulteration or not. Combining the analysis of constitution of amino acids with observation by microscope could identify adulterated fishmeals exactly.

关 键 词：鱼粉 鉴别 氨基酸组分 牛磺酸 显微镜检 

分 类 号：S816.48[农业科学—饲料科学]