不同处理凤仙花对瘤胃微生物体外产甲烷及发酵特性的影响  

Different Preparations of Impatiens balsamina Affect Rumen Microbial Methane Production and Fermentation Characteristics in Vitro

作　　者：张志红[1] 黄江丽[1] 田晓娟[1] 黄黄[1] 张国华[1] 王东升[1] 印遇龙[2] 丁建南[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西省科学院生物资源研究所,南昌330029 [2]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,长沙410125

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2012年第3期550-556,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：江西省科技支撑计划项目(2010BNA09100);江西省科学院博士基金项目(2010yyb01)

摘　　要：本研究旨在分析不同处理凤仙花(Impatiens balsamina)对瘤胃微生物体外产甲烷(CH4)及发酵特性的影响。试验采集装有永久性瘤胃瘘管牛瘤胃液,以稻草粉、玉米粉和黄豆粉为人工饲料,通过体外培养法研究了凤仙花水浸提液、乙醇浸提液和固体粉剂3种处理方式不同添加量(0.5%、1.0%和2.5%)对气体产生以及瘤胃发酵参数pH、氨态氮(NH3-N)和微生物蛋白质(MCP)的影响。结果表明,凤仙花固体粉剂累积产气量最高,平均比对照提高了56.8%,乙醇浸提液和水浸提液分别平均比对照提高了24.7%和14.1%;凤仙花明显提高CO2含量,降低CH4和pH,且添加量越大,效果越明显,2.5%固体粉剂完全抑制CH4生成。凤仙花明显提高MCP含量,降低NH3-N含量,其中固体粉剂效果最显著,水浸提液效果最差。固体粉剂3个添加量使MCP含量分别比对照提高了84.9%、139.7%和199.7%(P<0.05),NH3-N含量分别比对照降低了41.1%、52.2%和55.4%(P<0.05)。结果提示,体外培养条件下,凤仙花明显降低CH4生成、提高CO2生成,并促进NH3-N向MCP转化,且固体粉剂处理效果最好。This study was investigated to evaluate the effects of different preparations of Impatiens balsamina on rumen microbial methane(CH4) production and fermentation characteristics such as pH,ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N) and microbial crude protein(MCP) in vitro.Rumen fluid was collected from cows fitted with permanent rumen fistulas,and the substrates consisted of straw,corn and soybean as artificial feeds in each fermentation vessel.The medium was supplemented with water,ethanol extract and original plant solid powder at three levels(0.5%,1.0% and 2.5%),respectively.The results showed that total gas production in the original plant powder preparation was the highest,and 56.8% higher on average than that in the control(CK),and total gas production in ethanol and water extract preparations was respectively 24.7% and 14.1% higher on average than that in CK.Impatiens balsamina preparations obviously increased CO2,but reduced CH4 and pH.The trend was more and more obvious with the added amount increasing.The dosage of 2.5% original plant solid powder(S3) completely inhibited CH4 production.Compared with CK,Impatiens balsamina preparations improved rumen MCP and reduced NH3-N with the most obvious effect in original plant powder preparation and the worst in water extract preparation.The MCP in original plant solid powder preparation was significantly 84.9%,139.7% and 199.7% higher than that in CK(P<0.05),but NH3-N in original plant solid powder preparation was depressed by 41.1%,52.2% and 55.4% compared with CK(P<0.05),respectively.In conclusion,Impatiens balsamina can reduce CH4,increase CO2,promote the conversion of NH3-N to MCP in rumen microbial fermentation in vitro,and the most effective preparation is original plant powder.

关 键 词：凤仙花 体外瘤胃发酵 甲烷 微生物蛋白质 

分 类 号：S816.79[农业科学—饲料科学]