文凭膨胀:高校扩招与毕业生就业的困境与选择  

Diploma Inflation: Higher Education Expansion and Graduates’ choice within segmental labor market

作　　者：范皑皑[1] 

机构地区：[1]《北京大学教育评论》编辑部 北京 100871

出　　处：《教育学术月刊》2013年第4期16-23,共8页Education Research Monthly

基　　金：国家自然科学青年科学基金项目(71103007);北京市教育科学“十一五”规划青年专项课题(CDA10112);国家社科基金重大项目(09&ZD058)

摘　　要：我国劳动力中受过高等教育的比例只有8.93%,但是由于劳动力市场分割和地区经济发展不平衡,毕业生选择向院校分布集中、经济发达、对毕业生吸纳能力强的大城市集聚,出现了一定程度的文凭膨胀。文章用北京市企业调查数据验证了这一点,并发现高校扩招以后的北京劳动市场中,本专科毕业生初次就业发生过度教育的比例随着时间的推进呈现增长的趋势,而研究生层次的学历供给正在逐渐被日益提升学历要求的劳动力市场所吸收。除了新增毕业生,老员工在原有岗位上也通过多种途径提升自己的学历,加剧了过度教育的比例。Labors with higher education degree share only 8.93% of gross labor force in China.Because of segmental labor market and imbalanced economic development,higher education graduates are gathering in cities with more colleges,higher GDP volumes.and more college student oriental jobs.Therefore,qualification inflation emerged in some regional labor market.By using some company data to prove qualification inflation exiting in Beijing labor market,this paper reveals that proportion of overeducated undergraduates are growing and graduates with master and PhD degree are gradually absorbed by adequate position.Graduates with some years of working experiences are willing to attend higher education program to pursue higher qualification and frequently become overeducated employees.

关 键 词：文凭膨胀 过度教育 高校扩招 大学生就业 

分 类 号：G40-054[文化科学—教育学原理]