计划行为理论在初中生不良交通行为干预中的应用  

Application of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in the Intervention of Junior School Students’ Unsafe Traffic Behavior

作　　者：余登来 杨屹[1] 张莉[1] 王静[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心,上海200136

出　　处：《健康教育与健康促进》2012年第4期254-257,共4页Health Education and Health Promotion

基　　金：上海市浦东新区社会发展局卫生科技发展专项基金(项目编号:PW2009A-25)

摘　　要：目的探讨计划行为理论在初中生不良交通行为干预研究中的应用效果,为特定人群交通伤害防制的行为干预积累经验。方法应用计划行为理论设计调查问卷,采用分层整群随机抽样方法选取浦东新区12~14岁的初中生进行问卷调查。找出初中生不良交通行为的影响因素,以此拟定干预策略和方案。对照组不进行任何干预,干预组接受基于计划行为理论的针对性干预,干预实施后进行二次调查评价干预效果。结果干预后,干预组较对照组在交通安全行为态度、主观规范和知觉行为控制方面有明显改善,不良交通行为意向和行为发生显著降低,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论计划行为理论能提取影响初中生不良交通行为的主要因素,针对性的健康干预能有效改善初中生不良交通行为的发生。Objective To explore the application of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in the intervention of junior school students’ unsafe traffic behavior. To accumulate experience for behavior intervention on traffic injury prevention in different public groups. Methods A questionnaire was designed according to the TPB. By stratified random cluster sampling method, the 12-14 year-old junior high school students from Pudong New Area were selected and investigated with the questionnaires, in order to find out risk factors in junior high school unsafe traffic behaviors. Intervention strategies and programs were developed based on the investigation. The intervention group received targeted interventions based on the TPB while the control group without any intervention. A second investigation was conducted after intervention to evaluate effects of the intervention. Results Compared with the control group, the attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control on traffic safety of the intervention group had improved significantly after the intervention. Unsafe traffic behavior intention and behavior reduced significantly. There was a significant difference for all the above indicators (P<0.05). Conclusion TPB can extract the important influencing factors which halt junior high school students from unsafe traffic behaviors. Targeted interventions can improve unsafe traffic behaviors of junior high school students effectively.

关 键 词：计划行为理论 不良交通行为 初中生 

分 类 号：G635.5[文化科学—教育学] R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]