谈倒装与强调  

On inversion and Emqhasis

作　　者：武果 

出　　处：《外语教学》1988年第3期2-8,共7页Foreign Language Education

摘　　要：1.引言倒装是由有标记主位引起的主、谓语互换位置的现象。有两种类型:完全倒装和不完全倒装。目前语法界对这一现象的研究存在两个问题:一,列举的现象多而对之所以产生两种不同的倒装的原因解释少;二、两种倒装的分类,特别是涉及谓语中有动词tobe时,也比较混乱。如夸克(Quirk)把倒装分为主语—动词与主语—功能词倒装,这就很难处理象Specialize he must一类句子的归属问题;夸克又把Only by thismeans is it possible to explain his failure to act decisively.So are we all.Throwing the hammer is champion william Anderson,…这些句子都归于主语—功能词倒装,但它们倒装的实质有根本的区别。本文从英语信息结构与主述位结构理论出发对这两个问题进行探讨。This paper studies the two kinds of inversion in English——full inversion——by analysing the information structure and thematic structure of the inverted clause, and draws the conclusion that full inversion is a way of fitting thethematic structure of a clause to the information structure by shifting the new information of the clause——the subject to the end-focus position, while the function of partial inversion is to break the normal pattern of the informaion structure of a clause, to lay emphasis on the marked theme.

关 键 词：有标记主位 全倒装 信息焦点 功能词 已知信息 主语 新信息 谓语动词 末尾焦点 存在句 

分 类 号：H3[语言文字]