正面要求与改错对学生作业效果的影响  

THE EFFECTS OF REPRODUCTION AND CORRECTION IN THE EXERCISE ON ACHIEVEMENTS

作　　者：蒋起斌 

机构地区：[1]四川云阳县栖霞小学

出　　处：《心理学报》1965年第1期57-62,共6页Acta Psychologica Sinica

摘　　要：問題 要使学生牢固地掌握所学习的知識并能灵活运用,重要的教学手段之一,就是练习。至于在不同科目中,对不同年級、不同程度的学生,选择怎样的練习內容、形式和方法才能收到良好的效果,乃是复杂而重要的問題。 在实际教学中,常常遇到这样的情况:当学生掌握了一定程度的基础知識和基本技能后,对同样难度的作业,但从不同角度提出要求,就会得到不同的完成效果。为了探索这方面的問題,本研究在語文知識中,选取了汉字字形作业;在算术知識中。Two forms of exercises in learning Chinese characters and arithmetical measures were given to the 5th and 6th grade primary school children with matched materials of equal difficulty. One consisted of reproduction of learning material and the other consisted of correction of errors.The children’s achievements were compared. The results showed that: 1) pupils’ achievements were better with the reproduction than with the correction of errors; 2) the errors put in the exercise caused confusions.

关 键 词：汉字字形 作业效果 实际教学 教学手段 基本技能 小数 复名数 算术 错视 百分比 

分 类 号：B[哲学宗教]