中小学生记忆组织的发展  

DEVELOPMENT OF MEMORY ORGANI ZATION INPRIMARY SCHOOL AND MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS

作　　者：杨宁[1] 胡士襄 张述祖[1] 宋耀武[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北大学

出　　处：《心理科学》1994年第6期321-327,384,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

摘　　要：本实验对中小学生记忆组织的年级差异和性别差异进行研究，全文分为两个部分：（１）中小学生词的记忆中客观组织（类的群集）的年级差异和性别差异；（２）中小学生词的记忆中主观组织的年级差异和性别差异．结果表明：（１）中小学生记忆中客观组织程度在逐渐提高，（２）不同年级中小学生对双字词记忆的主观组织程度是不同的；（３）Ｅ．Ｔｕｌｖｉｎｇ测定主观组织程度的方法在测定低年级学生记忆的主观组织程度时表现出很大缺陷．This experiment studies the grade difference and sex difference in memory organization in primary school and middle school students. The research includes two parts: 1)the grade difference in objective organization (clustering of categories)in primary school and middle school students: 2)the grade difference in subjective organization in primary school and middle school students. The results show: 1)the degree of objective organization (clustering of categories) in primary school and middle school students as a whole,is on the increase; 2)the degree of subjective organization shows some difference between the first grade students of junior middle school and the first grade students of senior middle school; 3)the method used by E. Tulving to measure the degree of subjective organiation has remarkable defects,especially when it is used to measure the lower-grade pupils of primary school.

关 键 词：记忆组织 群集 类的群集 主观组织 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]