施肥对乌龙茶产量品质的影响  

Effect of Fertilizing on the Yield and Quality of Oolong Tea

作　　者：林心炯[1] 郭专[1] 周庆惠[1] 张文锦[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所

出　　处：《茶叶科学》1991年第2期109-116,共8页Journal of Tea Science

摘　　要：采用盆栽和田间试验相结合的方法,从施肥纯技术与技术经济两个方面,探讨了施肥对乌龙茶品种黄棪和铁观音的生长,产量和品质的影响。结果表明,施肥不仅能促进茶树生长、提高茶叶产量,而且乌龙茶品质也好。氮、磷、钾化肥和莱饼的适量配施,鲜叶质量高,鲜叶中的氨基酸、茶多酚、儿茶素及总糖的含量适中,碳/氮比为12左右,乌龙茶成茶品质最佳。在氮、磷、钾三要素中,钾对乌龙茶成茶品质影响最大,其次为氮,因此,在三元化肥配施中,适当提高钾肥的比例,是乌龙茶施肥的一个重要特征。最后,根据试验结果,提出了两个乌龙茶品种的经济合理施肥量及数学模型。By means of pot-culture and field experiment,the effects of fertilizingon the growth,yield and quality of 2 Oolong tea clones,Huangdan andTieguanyin,were studied in terms of fertilizing technique and its economicefficiency.Results showed that fertilizers could promote the growth of teabushes,increase the yield and improve the quality of tea fresh leaves.Thehigh yield of fresh leaves,the proper contents of amino acid,polyphenol,catechin and total sugar in fresh leaves and the best quality of made teacould be obtained when nitrogenous,phosphate and potash fertilizers andrape cake were applied at proper amounts and ratios.The effect of potas-sium on the quality of Oolong Tea was more evident than those of nitrogenand phosphorus.It is'therefore,important to increase the proportion ofpotassium in the combination fertilizing of nitrogen,phosphorus and ptas-slum for Oolong Tea.Mathematical models for the fertilizing and theeconomically rational amounts of the fertilizers for the Oolong clones ofHuangdan and Tieguanyin were obtained based on the statistic analysison the experimental data.

关 键 词：乌龙茶 品种 施肥 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]