三种重要皮蠹科害虫的幼虫形态与分子鉴定  

Morphological and molecular identification of the larvae of three species of important dermestid pests

作　　者：周萍[1] 冯超伦 王兴胜[1] 冯永飞[1] 刘瑶[1] 叶保华[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学植物保护学院,泰安271018 [2]山东省泰安市公安局泰山区分局,泰安271000

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2015年第1期51-58,共8页Journal of Plant Protection

摘　　要：为寻求白腹皮蠹和赤毛皮蠹幼虫简便科学的鉴定方法,利用形态学结合分子生物学对其做了鉴定研究,首先对其触角、上内唇、臀突和胸足胫节的特征进行了形态描述;再分别提取白腹皮蠹、赤毛皮蠹和外群黑毛皮蠹幼虫的虫体DNA进行PCR扩增,通过测序比对构建了系统进化树。结果表明:白腹皮蠹幼虫上内唇的中间2根缘刚毛呈蘑菇状,粗短,而赤毛皮蠹幼虫的则呈矛状,细长,二者上内唇的形态特征差异非常明显,可用于二者形态上的鉴定;对3种皮蠹幼虫的序列进行比对,白腹皮蠹与赤毛皮蠹的碱基相似率为89.97%,黑毛皮蠹与白腹皮蠹和赤毛皮蠹的碱基相似率分别为77.54%和77.05%,差异均明显,可用于3种皮蠹幼虫种间鉴定的线粒体COⅠ基因标记序列。This study is aimed at providing a simple and reliable method for the identification of the larvae of Dermestes maculatus De Geer and D. tessellatocollis Motschulsky based on morphology and molecular makers. Firstly,a morphological study was conducted based on antennae,labrum-epipharynx,hip and tibia of each thoracic leg. Then DNA was extracted from D. maculatus,D. tessellatocollis and Attagenus unicolor japonicus Reitter larvae. Finally, PCR amplification, DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were conducted. The results showed that the labrum-epipharynxs could be used for the identification of D. maculatus and D. tessellatocollis larvae: the two middle bristles of D. maculatus were mushroom-like and stubby,while those of D. tessellatocollis were spear-like and tenuous. The similarity of COⅠ sequences between D. maculatus and D. tessellatocollis was 89. 97%,while the similarities between A. unicolor and D. maculatus and between A. unicolor and D. tessellatocollis were77. 54% and 77. 05%,respectively. Their differences were significant. It suggested that the COⅠ sequences could be used for identification of the larvae of the three dermestid species.

关 键 词：白腹皮蠹 赤毛皮蠹 黑毛皮蠹 幼虫 形态鉴定 分子鉴定 

分 类 号：S379.5[农业科学—农产品加工]