基于多台站观测的中国区域地磁指数  

New Regional Geomagnetic Activity Index Based on Multi-station Observation

作　　者：王楚钦[1,2,3] 杜丹[2] 张效信[2] 赵明现[2] 蒋勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学数学与统计学院,南京210044 [2]国家卫星气象中心,北京100081 [3]云南省气象信息中心,昆明650034

出　　处：《空间科学学报》2015年第1期26-39,共14页Chinese Journal of Space Science

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2012AA121002);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2011CB811406);国家重大科学研究计划项目(2012CB957803);国家自然科学青年基金项目(41304144)共同资助

摘　　要：利用中国14个地磁台站和全球23个地磁台站的H分量分钟值数据,分析单台站小时幅度指数r_H的时空分布特征,在此基础上结合台站之间r_H指数的相似度度量(残差指数Ra),采用K均值聚类算法将中国14个地磁台站划分为7个区域,根据加权法计算各区域的区域指数Rr.结果表明,r_H指数具有27天太阳自转周变化,季节变化不显著,但仍存在春秋季大而冬夏季小的特征;在空间变化上,r_H随纬度的增高而增大,并且在磁暴期间r_H指数的幅值和形态均表现出明显的经度差异,随地方时呈现晨-昏不对称现象;与Dst指数、SYM-H指数、Kp指数及各区域内台站的H分量观测数据对比分析发现,区域指数Rr能有效反映区域地磁扰动.With the data of 14 geomagnetic observatories in China and 23 geomagnetic observatories abroad,both temporal and spatial variation characteristics of r_H index are analyzed.And the 14 geomagnetic observatories in China are divided into 7 regions by using K-means clustering algorithm based on the similarity measurement,and the residual index(Ra) of r_H index between each two observatories.Then the regional r_H index(Rr) of each region is calculated by linear weighted sum method.The results show that r_H has a periodic change in 27 days,which is the solar rotation cycle.Although no significant seasonal variation is found in r_H,it is also shown that the average of r_H in spring and autumn is greater than in summer and winter.For spatial variations,r_H increases with the latitude.There are some obvious difference in amplitude and morphology of r_H during geomagnetic storms,and the feature of dusk-dawn asymmetry is found.Comparison with the observational data of H component and other Global geomagnetic activity indices,such as Dst,SYM-H and Kp,indicate that Rr can reflect the regional geomagnetic disturbance effectively.

关 键 词：r_H指数 时空分布 残差指数 K均值聚类 区域地磁指数 

分 类 号：P353[天文地球—空间物理学]