诺贝尔科学奖跨学科师承效应定量研究  

Quantified research on the effects of interdisciplinary accomplished teachers in Nobel Prize winners in science

作　　者：门伟莉[1] 张志强[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院医学信息研究所,北京100005 [2]中国科学院兰州文献情报中心,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《科学学研究》2015年第4期498-506,共9页Studies in Science of Science

基　　金：中国科学院政策调研课题(ZYS-2014-01)

摘　　要：交叉学科往往是学科新的生长点,有可能产生新的科学突破,为科学带来革命性的发展。交叉科学的发展离不开大量跨学科的人才,而高水平跨学科人才的培养始于交叉学科的研究生教育。文章选取1901-2013年诺贝尔科学奖获奖者为研究对象,以是否师从诺贝尔奖得主为分组变量,从物理、化学和生理或医学三大学科内和跨学科角度对比分析师承效应的影响,凸显跨学科师承效应的作用。研究结果表明,与单纯的学科内师承效应相比,考虑跨学科师生关系的师承效应可更显著地促进未来诺贝尔科学奖获奖者的成长和成才。New scientific breakthroughs,as well as revolutionary changes,are often turned up in interdisciplinary subjects. However,the interdisciplinary cannot developed without the cultivation of a large number of interdisciplinary talents which started with post-graduate education. From two different aspects,considered the fact whether or not under an Nobel Laureate as grouping variable,we made comparative analysis the effects of an accomplished tutor from two different aspects as different disciplines such as Physics,Chemistry and Medicine or interdisciplinary,with the data of 1901- 2013 Nobel Prize winners in science. The results shows that,in the growth promotion of future talents,the effects of great teachers that counts in interdisciplinary teacher- student relationships are more pronounced than the effects of masters in a single discipline.

关 键 词：诺贝尔科学奖 跨学科 师承效应 师生关系步长 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学]