环境地球化学的新起点——非线性环境地球化学过程的研究  

NEW STARTING POINT OF ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY:RESEARCH OF NONLINEAR ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES

作　　者：程鸿德[1] 林庆华[1] 诸凡 程林[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所

出　　处：《第四纪研究》1993年第3期231-239,共9页Quaternary Sciences

摘　　要：文章综述了我国环境地球化学发展的历程、环境地球化学在科学领域和环境科学中的位置以及学科的综合性和边缘性。作者系统阐述非线性环境地球化学出现的必然性,指出研究目标、内容和入门的途径,以及研究的方法和程序。从元索地球化学分布的静态数学模型到地质历史演化过程的动态数学模型,以及元素地球化学循环耦合作用模型,作者认为非线性是环境地球化学过程最本质的特征。This paper systematically reviewed and summarized the research of environmental geochemistry, based on the author's experiences of more than 20 years study, the latest development in this area at home and abroad predicted its potential trend, and finally put forward the new starting point of 90's Chinese scientific research of environmental geochemistry research of nonlinear environmental geochemical processes. Either natural phenomenon or social phenomenon possess one generality——nonlinear interaction. Linear model is only the first approximation of understanding the development processes of objective matter, while nonlinear model is a sophisticated fit of revealing their development and change processes. It is a g(?)neral historical trend to study the laws of nature and society by nonlinear mathematic model. It is undoubtly the needs of times and the development of this field that this model should be applied in the research of environmental geochemical processes. There exists a remarkable difference between environmental geochemical processes and general geochemical processes because the system structure of the former is open and involves more complex influencial factor, not only, influenced by sorts of natural action, but also suffered enormous anthropogenic disturbances hence causing the polytropic character of its evolution rate and direction. Therefore it is rather difficult or even impossible to study the complex processes by traditional geochemical method. Along with the scientific advancement, especially the development of computer technique, a feasible research way has become available for people to study complex nonliear environmental geochemical processes. Environmental geochemical processes generally occur on the environmental media and interface of external geosphere, i. e., atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and lithosphere, where matter flow and energy flow are continiously exchanged, and nature is also changing unceasingly. New achievement of modern sciences, including chemical thermodyn

关 键 词：环境地球化学 非线性 数学模型 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学]