证伪论与语言学研究-西方语言哲学系列研究(之七)  

The Theory of Falsification and Linguist Investigations

作　　者：钱冠连[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学外国语言学及应用语言学研究中心,510420

出　　处：《现代外语》2002年第2期111-119,共9页Modern Foreign Languages

摘　　要：本文首先指出在中国语境中讨论证伪论的现实由头（我国语言学家不热衷于成体系的理论创造,有学术无学派）,详细讨论什么是波普尔的证伪论,分析证伪论为何长于重大的理论创造,指出证伪论为何尤其对中国语言学家具有重大意义。“科学的真谛不在于它提出了假设被证实,而在于被证据反驳。”Taking into account the Chinese context, in which Chinese linguists have never been very fond of constructing any theory in systematic forms, the author hereby emphasizes the realistic impendency for study of the theory of falsification proposed by K.R. Popper, then analyses it in details, and, especially, argues (1) why 'the method of conjectures and refutations' has been strong at the creation of a systematic theory and (2) why the theory is of extraordinarily great significance for Chinese linguists.Having quoted from Popper that 'the central virtue of science is not that its hypotheses are confirmed by evidence, but that they are capable of being refuted by evidence', the author argues that a theory, even if being proved, is not really tenable and that it does not become reliable until it would be capable of being refuted by evidence and counterexamples.Although induction and deduction are complementary to each other, Chinese scholars are in urgent need of the latter, esp. the falsification theory under the current academic developments at home, if they seriously hope to create colorful theoretical systems of their own and to cultivate a variety of schools, again, of their own.The focus in the last section of the paper is drawn on the psychological guidance by the falsification theory given to all the scholars at home. This psychological guidance requires that every linguist be waited for being 'denied' by evidence. Denied and refuted, his works, however, as a periodical result would be absolutely significant, for the wisdom sparking in his works will forever remain heritable from generation to generation.It is time that the methodology used by Chinese linguists was renovated. And it should have been renovated.

关 键 词：证伪论 语言学 波普尔 方法论 

分 类 号：H0-0[语言文字—语言学]