成段改错试题考了什么?  

What Does Proofreading Test?

作　　者：刘建达[1] 杨满珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学英文学院,广州510420

出　　处：《现代外语》2001年第2期170-180,共11页Modern Foreign Languages

摘　　要：本文利用定量和定性研究方法研究了成段改错试题测试了考生的什么语言能力。总共有30位学生参加了笔试,12位学生参与了有声思维测试。定量统计结果表明成段改错和阅读和写作有显著的相关关系,而与语法部分却没有显著的相关关系。定性研究显示考生在做成段改错试题时,虽然运用了诸多的语法知识,但考生主要依据的是对原文的理解以及根据自己的理解对原文意义的形式重组。考生在分析文章时很多时候是重复某个片断,但也会考虑到句子层次或以上的语境。成段改错与完形填空在题型上虽然有很多相似之处,但实验显示它俩并没显著相关关系,而且不属于同一因子。虽然完形填空测试的主要是对意义的理解,以信息(意义)为核心(李筱菊,1997:324),但是统计结果表明参与此研究的TEM4中的完形填空题和语法属同一因子,测试的主要是考生的语法知识。所以,成段改错测试的能力已超出语法知识的范围。成段改错可以测试到考生在词、短语、句子、及语篇各个层次上的知识。The present study investigated quantitatively and qualitatively what kind of language abilities a proofreading test could test. It touched three specific questions: 1) Can the proofreading test the test-takers?language abilities on each language level? 2) Does the proofreading test correlate with the grammar test and writing test? Are grammar points the focus of the test-takers?consideration? 3) Does context play a role in the proofreading test? Altogether 42 students participated in this study, among whom 30 took part in the paper-and-pencil test and 12 attended the think-aloud test. Quantitative results demonstrated that the proofreading test correlated with the reading comprehension test and the writing test, but it did not correlate with the grammar test. Moreover, qualitative results showed that though the test-takers used a lot of the grammar knowledge they had mastered, they mainly depended on their understanding of the original text and the re-forming of the meanings they had understood. They tended to analyze the text by chunks, but they would also give consideration to the structure and meaning of the whole sentence and a larger context. Context played a role in the proofreading test. Proofreading test is similar to a cloze test in many aspects, but results showed that they were not correlated and did not belong to the same factor. Though a cloze test is supposed to test the test-takers?understanding of the meanings (Li, 1997:324), the cloze test in the TEM4 test which was taken into this study was showed to test similar ability as the grammar test. Therefore, this study demonstrated that the proofreading test tested the test-takers?language abilities beyond their grammar knowledge. This study also showed that the proofreading test could test knowledge on the levels of word, phrase, sentence, and discourse.

关 键 词：成段改错试题 语法知识 完形填空测试 扎根理论 英语测试 

分 类 号：H310.4[语言文字—英语]