营养教育对学龄前儿童营养状况的影响  

The Effects of Nutrition Education on Nutritional Status of Pre-school Children

作　　者：叶青[1] 赵亮 高永清[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系,合肥230032 [2]安徽省蚌埠市科技馆

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2004年第5期572-574,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：达能膳食营养研究与宣教基金资助。

摘　　要：目的　了解营养教育对合肥市学龄前儿童营养状况的影响 ,以便为学龄前儿童的营养干预研究提供依据。方法　采取随机、分层、整群抽样的方法在合肥市选取 8所幼儿园 ,随机分为干预组和对照组。在干预组幼儿园 ,悬挂营养挂图 ,按照编写的教材和教案 ,开展营养教学活动 (持续 1学年 ) ;定期举办家长营养知识培训班 ,将编写的幼儿营养知识手册分发给家长。收集干预前期、中期和终期幼儿人体测量指标、功能性指标、营养性疾病的症状和体征资料 ,并进行比较。结果　组间比较发现 ,干预组男童和女童的体重、坐高、胸围和上臂围及男童的ZHA、ZWA和ZWH高于对照组 ,干预组患唇苍白、龋齿的比例低于对照组。自身对照显示 ,干预组女童的体重 ,男童和女童的身高、坐高、头围、胸围、上臂围、肺活量、握力均增加 ,女童的ZWA、ZWH和BMI降低 ,干预组患面色苍白、唇干裂、唇炎的比例减少。结论　应加强早期营养教育 ,使儿童获得良好的营养 ,促进其形态和功能的发育 ,改善其健康状况。Objective To learn the effects of nutrition education on nutritional status of preschool children in Hefei city, and to provide evidence for nutrition interventions among pre-school children.Methods A stratified random cluster sample of eight kindergartens was drawn in Hefei , and the preschool children were divided into intervention group and control group. In the intervention kindergartens, wall maps about nutritional knowledge were hung up and nutritional knowledge according to compiled materials were given to preschool children for two semesters, parents were trained in nutritional knowledge periodically and handbooks were delivered them. Data were collected then compared on anthropometric indices, functional indices, the symptoms and body features of nutritional diseases before, in the intermediate stage and at the end of nutrition education intervention.Results The indices were higher among intervention group than control group in weight, sitting height, chest circumference, circumference of upper arm of boys and girls and Z HA,Z WA and WHZ of boys, meanwhile, the percentages of pale lip and decayed tooth among control group were higher than intervention group. Self-control analyses indicated that weight of girl and height, sitting height, head circumference, chest circumference, circumference of upper arm, vital capacity and grip of boys and girls are higher in the intervention group, Z WA, Z WH and BMI of girls were lower in intervention group, meanwhile, the percentages of preschool children who had pale face, dry and cracked lip and lip inflammation decreased.Conclusion It is important to enhance early nutrition education in order to make children get high-quality nutrition, to promote their morphological and functional development and to improve their health ststus.

关 键 词：营养 卫生教育 干预性研究 儿童 学龄前 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] G479[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]