言、心、道——戴震语言哲学的形上学追求及其理论的开放性  

Words, Mind and Dao --The Metaphysical Endeavor of Dai Zhen' s Linguistic Philosophy and Its Theoretical Openness

作　　者：吴根友[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学哲学学院

出　　处：《哲学研究》2004年第11期25-32,共8页Philosophical Research

摘　　要：作为清代皖派考据学之大师，戴震学术之精髓在同时代人的眼中乃在于文字、训诂、音韵之学，而其哲学思想只有弟子洪榜、同时代的史学家章学诚等少数人有所认识。20世纪以降，伴随着西方学术范式的输入，学者们开始对其哲学思想的价值进行发掘。最先发掘戴震哲学思想的人物当推章太炎先生。太炎先生在《说林》、《释戴》、《清儒》等一系列文章中，多次肯定了戴震的反理学思想，认为清代“叔世有大儒二人，一日颜元，After many scholars' research in the 20th century, Dai Zhen has been recognized as one philosopher. However, what exactly did Dai Zhen contribute to the philosophy? I argue that there is a linguistic awakening in Dai Zhen's ideas. He proposes a linguistic hermeneutical principle: ' Ci (Words) are understood upon characters, and Dao is understood upon Ci(words)'. He emphasizes the important role of reader's understanding in the hermeneutical process, and proposes a principle of 'Enlarging one's mind' and 'Deepening the insight of one's mind' : 'Without the enlargement of the mind, one cannot see the broadness of Dao; without the subtle insight of the mind, one cannot see the subtlety of the Principle'. As a result, he had made manifest the Dao of the sage in the ' Six Classics' at the highest degree. Therefore the linguistic hermeneutical method that had been developed by Dai Zhen in the 18th century's Chinese philosophy has theoretically escaped from the closeness of Jing - Xue in Qing Dynasty and the shortcomings of the hermeneutical circle of character, sentence, and Dao. With the new environment of the Later Qing and New Cultural Movement, the modern spirit of scholarship that had been implicit in Qing - Xue began a step further to have a dialogue with the modern academic spirit in the West.

关 键 词：戴震 哲学思想 形上学 大儒 理学思想 皖派 语言哲学 发掘 史学家 大师 

分 类 号：B249.6[哲学宗教—中国哲学] K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]