基于教师评定的3～9岁儿童气质结构  

STRUCTURE OF CHILDREN'S TEMPERAMENT AGED 3 TO 9 BASED ON TEACHERS' DESCRIPTIONS

作　　者：刘文[1] 杨丽珠[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学心理系

出　　处：《心理学报》2005年第1期67-72,共6页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 (项目号 3 0 170 3 2 3 );中国博士后科学基金 ( 3 3批 )资助

摘　　要：该研究采用理论推导、开放式问卷和个案追踪相结合的方法 ,对 74 4名 3～ 9岁儿童的气质进行理论建构 ,自编儿童气质教师问卷 ,采用AMOS技术进行验证性因素分析 ,对 3～ 9岁儿童气质结构进行研究。结果表明 ,3～9岁儿童气质是由情绪性、活动性、反应性、社会抑制和专注性五维度组成的多维整体 ;研究所编制的 3～Temperament is often regarded as biologically based psychological tendencies with intrinsic paths of development. The existing research findings reveal that the development of temperament plays a unique role in protesting and understanding children's personality and socialization in the future. With emphasis on the enhancement of people's quality in the 21st century, research on children's temperament will be of much value in developing developmental theories and promoting children's healthy personality development. Since the 1980s, developmental psychologists outside China have conducted a large quantity of research, both empirical and theoretical, in this area of children's temperament. This has made it one of the most active and important research areas in child psychology. In contrast, systematic research efforts have been rare in China's developmental psychology, and the general tendencies of the development of children's temperament in Chinese culture remain a big area to be explored. A comprehensive literature review is made with regard to the important empirical findings, major theoretical models as well as the research deficiency. The purpose of this study is to reveal the Structure of Chinese children's temperament aged 3 to 9, to develop indigenous instrument. Based on the open questionnaires that Chinese teachers provided on their students' characteristics, one temperament questionnaires for ages 3 to 9 was developed. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was conducted using AMOS and SPSS in attempt to testify the temperament structure of Chinese children. The major findings in the study are as follows: 1) The questionnaire of children's temperament has high reliability and validity so that it can be used by teachers and researchers to evaluate children's temperament. 2) The structure of Chinese children aged 3～9 is a multifactor, which involves five aspects: emotionality, activity, reaction, social inhibition and attention.

关 键 词：儿童气质 结构 验证性因素分析 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]