SARS动物模型的研究  

Study on The Animal Model for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

作　　者：刘伯华[1] 吴东来[2] 战大伟[3] 秦鄂德[1] 祝庆余[1] 王翠娥[1] 孟庆文[2] 杨银辉[1] 尹训南[2] 韩伟国[1] 关云涛[2] 彭文明[1] 李昌文[2] 刘永刚[2] 王牟平[2] 刘全贵[2] 施慧颖[4] 丁志芬[4] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所,北京100071 [2]中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所,哈尔滨100051 [3]军事医学科学院实验动物中心,北京100071 [4]北京生物制品研究所,北京100024

出　　处：《微生物学报》2004年第6期711-716,i012,共7页Acta Microbiologica Sinica

基　　金：全军医药卫生科研基金 ( 0 3F0 0 3 2 )~~

摘　　要：利用分离的SARS CoV毒株BJ 0 1,经滴鼻等途径感染大鼠、豚鼠、黑线仓鼠、白化仓鼠和雏鸡等 5个种属的动物 ,筛选对SARS易感的小动物。在此基础上 ,选择食蟹猴和恒河猴进行SARS的人工感染实验 ,评价其作为SARS动物模型的可能性。结果表明 ,大鼠、豚鼠、黑线仓鼠、白化仓鼠和雏鸡等动物对SARS均不易感 ,感染后未观察到任何的临床及病理学改变 ,不过从感染 2周后的大鼠和豚鼠的肺和咽等组织样本中检测到了的特异的核酸 ,提示SARS CoV能够在这两种动物的体内复制。从感染猴子的分泌物和脏器中分离出了病毒 ,证明SARS CoV也能够在猴子体内复制。临床和病理组织学检查结果显示 ,SARS病毒接种食蟹猴和恒河猴后 ,可以引起所有实验猴发生间质性肺炎 ,其病理学改变与人类感染SARS病毒后肺部病变近似 ,但病变的严重程度比较人类的轻得多 ,除此之外无任何其它的明显的临床表现及组织病理学改变 ,按照动物模型的指标判断食蟹猴和恒河猴并不是SARS的理想动物模型 ,不过在目前尚没有更理想的动物模型情况下 ,以间质性肺炎为病理学检查指标 。To screen small animals susceptible to SARS-CoV,five species of animals, including guinea pig, hamster, albino hamster, chicken and rat, were experimentally infected with SARS-CoV strain BJ-01 by different routes. On the basis of this, further cynomolgus and rhesus macaques were selected and experimentally inoculated SARS-CoV, the quality they serve as animal model for SARS was evaluated. The results showed that, all five species of small animals chosed were not susceptible to SARS-CoV, no characterized changes in clinical sign and histopathology were observed after infection, but from the lung samples of large rat and pig guinea, the genomic RNA of SARS-CoV could be detected by RT-PCR at day 14 post infection, this suggested that SARS-CoV could replicate in these animals. After inoculated with SARS-CoV, all inoculated cynomolgus and rhesus macaques had developed interstitial pneumonia of differing severity. These changes on histopathology were similar to that seen in SARS patients, but the pathological lesions were less severe than that of human. Except interstitial pneumonia, no other characterized pathological changes were observed. This suggested cynomolgus and rhesus macaques were not the ideal animal model for SARS in fact, but they could serve as animal model for SARS when a more ideal animal model is absent.

关 键 词：SARS-COV 动物模型 恒河猴 豚鼠 感染 大鼠 病理学改变 雏鸡 食蟹猴 断食 

分 类 号：R-332[医药卫生]