采前激素处理对银杏种子的脱皮与保鲜效果的研究  

Effects of exogenous hormones treatments before picking on peeling and storage of Ginkgo biloba seeds

作　　者：冯彤[1] 庞杰[2] 于新[1] 

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业技术学院食品科学系,广州510225 [2]福建农林大学食品科学院,福州350002

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2005年第1期146-151,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30471217);广东省自然科学基金资助项目(04009660);广东省"百项工程"重点资助项目(99B05903X);广东省教育厅重点资助自然科学项目(963303)

摘　　要：研究了乙烯利20、100、500mg/L;891植物促长素20、100、500mg/L;脱落酸20、100、500mg/L等9种不同采前激素催熟处理方法对银杏种子采后脱皮及贮藏保鲜的影响。其中,乙烯利500mg/L处理,采后4d呼吸高峰到来,第6d果肉软化,容易去皮,且贮藏90d,除霉变率稍高外,浮水率、失水率、硬化率都较低,还原糖、蛋白质、脂肪、淀粉、蛋白质含量保持较高水平,适宜于以食用为目的的贮藏。891植物促长素500mg/L处理发芽率高,β-淀粉酶、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、脂肪酶、多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)、果胶甲酯酶(PE)活性较高,适宜于以留种为目的的贮藏。脱落酸500mg/L处理虽与乙烯利500mg/L贮藏效果相似,但易引起落叶,使用需慎重。该文还对采前激素处理的生理机制进行了探讨。Effects of exogenous hormones treatments before picking on peeling and storage of Ginkgo biloba seeds were studied in this paper. The exogenous hormones treatments were ethephon 20, 100, 500 mg/L, abscisic acid 20, 100, 500 mg/L, 891 vegetable growth-regulating substance 20, 100, 500 mg/L. It showed that the ethephon 500 mg/L treatment made the respiration peak come 4 days after picking, and made ginkgo exocarps soft enough to be peel 6 days after picking. This treatment also led to less floating rate, weight loss rate and hardening rate, and kept the contents of starch, reduced sugar, fat, and protein relatively high, which indicated that this treatment was suitable for seeds to be stored as food. The 891 vegetable growth-regulating substance 500 mg/L treatment kept the activities of β-amylase, PE, PG, CAT and lipase relatively high, which indicated that this treatment was suitable for seeds to be stored as seedling. The abscisic acid 500 mg/L treatment had similar effects on storage compared with the ethephon 500 mg/L, but it made the leaves fall significantly. Therefore, this treatment was not highly recommended. The effects of exogenous hormones treatments before picking on physiology of Ginkgo biloba seeds were also discussed in this paper.

关 键 词：银杏种子 脱皮 外源激素 贮藏保鲜 生理 

分 类 号：S792.95[农业科学—林木遗传育种]